Page:Eminent Chinese Of The Ch’ing Period - Hummel - 1943 - Vol. 1.pdf/388

Rh [q.v.] in 1588. Hûrhan, who was then a youth of thirteen sui, was brought up by Nurhaci as one of his own sons and was later appointed a personal bodyguard. He distinguished himself in 1607 in a battle with the Ula beile,, while acting as convoy for the inhabitants of the town of Fio who wished to join Nurhaci's forces (see under ). Further exploits in 1610 and 1611 against the Weji 渥集 tribe won him the title Darhan (Mongol for "skilled craftsman"), and in 1615 he was appointed one of the five chief councilors with, , , and. He played an important part in the defeat in 1619 of the armies of. Though the youngest of the councilors, he died several years before Nurhaci, leaving eight sons of whom the fourth, Junta 準塔 (d. 1647, posthumous name 襄毅), became the most famous. Junta took part in most of the campaigns under the reign of T'ai-tsung (i.e.,, q. v.), and from 1644 to 1647 helped to conquer Chihli, Shantung, northern Kiangsu, and Szechwan. In 1648 he was posthumously given the rank of a viscount.

[1/231/8a; 2/4/3a; 3/261/9a; 4/3/13a; 11/1/10a; 34/156/1a.]

2em

I

I-chih 奕誌, 1826–1850, July, the second Prince Jui (瑞郡王), was a grandson of Emperor Jên-tsung. His father, Mien-hsin 綿忻 (d. Sept. 1828), was created (1819) Prince Jui of the first degree (瑞親王) and was given the posthumous name, Huai 懷. As I-chih was an infant when his father died, the management of the family estate was entrusted to two officials, I-shao (see under ) and Ching-chêng (see under ). In November 1828 I-chih was formally designated the heir of Mien-hsin and was given the rank of a prince of the second degree. His name, which was originally I-yüeh 奕約, was ordered to be changed to I-chih. In 1835 he was sent to study with the emperor's sons in the Palace School for Princes (see under ) where he read under the tutorship of such scholars as Sun Jui-chên (see under ) and Chia Chên 賈楨, who later became an Assistant Grand Secretary (1852–55) and a Grand Secretary (January 1855–56, 1859–67). I-chih progressed in his studies, and became known as a promising poet. Among his elders who became interested in his poetical achievements may be mentioned, Pin-liang (see under ), and Mien-yü (see under ). In 1848 I-chih edited his first collection of poems, written in the years 1843–47. They bear the title 樂循理齋詩稿 Lo-hsün-li chai shih-kao, 8 chüan. In the same year, on the recommendation of his father-in-law, Wên-wei (see under ), I-chih invited as his secretary and companion the poet, Chang Chin-yung 張金鏞, chin-shih of 1841, who taught him to write verse in the tz'ŭ (詞) style.

But death overtook I-chih when he was only twenty-four, depriving the Imperial Clan of one of its most promising men of letters. In 1869 his poems were collected and printed by a cousin,, in collaboration with the sons of Mien-yü. This collection contains, in addition to the above-mentioned Lo-hsün-li chai shih-kao, two chüan of verse, entitled 古歡堂集 Ku-huan t'ang chi; 1 chüan of tz'ŭ, entitled Ku-huan t'ang shih-yü (詩餘, also known as 鐵笛詞 T'ieh-ti tz'ŭ); and 1 chüan of prose (only 2 articles), entitled Ku-huan t'ang wên-kao (文稿). The whole collection is known as Lo-hsün-li chai chi (集).

I-chih left no male heir. After his death his mother was paid annually half of the stipend granted to a prince of the second degree. She died in 1853. Thereafter I-chih's widow received this annuity for seven years more. In 1860 she adopted a nephew, Tsai-i (see under ), who at first inherited the rank of a prince of the third degree. When in 1894 the rank was raised one degree, the designation which should have been Jui 瑞 was altered to Tuan 端 owing to the mistake of a clerk (see under ). Tsai-i was the notorious Prince Tuan who sponsored the Boxers and so abetted the convulsion of 1900. He was banished in 1901. His status as an adopted son of I-chih was rendered void and he was classed thereafter with his natural relatives. The estate of I-chih passed in 1902 to another adopted nephew, Tsai-hsün 載洵, the sixth son of and a younger brother of the Prince Regent, Tsai-fêng (see under ). Tsai-hsün inherited the rank of a prince of the third degree and served for several months as Minister of the Navy (1910–11).

The garden of I-chih, known as Ch'un-tsê Yüan 春澤園, was originally given to his father-in-law who lived in it after 1835. This garden was adjacent to the Ch'ing-hua Yüan (see under 376