Page:Eminent Chinese Of The Ch’ing Period - Hummel - 1943 - Vol. 1.pdf/361

Rh Civil Appointments for violent denunciation of the officials connected with famine relief work in Chihli, but he escaped punishment owing to a petition by Pao-t'ing in his behalf. In the autumn of 1880 he left the capital for Kiangsu where he remained five years as educational commissioner. Though promoted in 1882 to the senior vice-presidency of the Board of War, he did not assume the duties of that office until his return to the capital, late in 1885. A few days after his arrival in Peking he severely criticized the naval policy of who was powerful enough to degrade him (early in 1886) to a commissionership in the Office of Transmission. Late in 1889 he was made acting vice-president of the Censorate, a position he held until 1891. Thereafter he lived in retirement in Peking where his son,, held office.

While in Kiangsu as educational commissioner Huang T'i-fang gathered voluminous biographical data, including the works of scholars and writers of that province, and sent the information to the State Historiographer's Office in Peking. Lists of these works, and memorials concerning them, were recently printed by Huang Ch'ün 黄群 in his 敬鄉樓叢書 Ching-hsiang lou ts'ung-shu, third series (1931), under the title 江南徵書文牘 Chiang-nan chêng-shu wên-tu. In 1884 Huang established an Academy known as Nan-ch'ing Shu-yüan 南菁書院 at Chiang-yin, Kiangsu. This Academy became famous for its printing-house where Huang's successor, Wang Hsien-ch'ien (see under ), printed the Huang-Ch'ing ching-chieh hsü-pien (see under ) in 1886–88, and the Nan-ch'ing shu-yüan ts'ung-shu in 1888. The latter ts'ung-shu, consisting of 41 works by Ch'ing scholars, was compiled by Wang with the assistance of Miao Ch'üan-sun (see under ), then director of the Academy.

Most of Huang T'i-fang's literary works, as well as copies of his memorials, seem to have been lost. Some of his poems were recently edited in 1 chüan by scholars of his native place under the title, 漱蘭詩葺 Shu-lan shih-ch'i, and were printed in the 甌風雜誌彙刊 Ou-fêng tsa-chih hui-k'an, first series (1934), and in the 惜硯樓叢刊 Hsi-yen lou ts'ung-k'an (1934-35).

[1/450/1a; Chin-shih jên-wu chih (see under ), pp. 280–81; Hsü Shih-ch'ang 徐世昌, 晚晴簃詩匯 Wan-ch'ing i shih-hui (1929) 161/31b; Nien-p'u of Wang Hsien-ch'ien; Chiang-yin hsien-chih (1920) 6/2a; Tung-hua lu, Kuang-hsü, passim.]

2em

 HUANG T'ing-kuei 黃廷桂, 1691–1759, Feb. 14(?), was a member of the Chinese Bordered Red Banner. His father, Huang Ping-chung 黃秉中, was governor of Chekiang (1709–10) and of Fukien (1710–11). In 1710 Huang T'ing-kuei, then a student in the Imperial Academy, inherited the rank of Yün-ch'i-yü from his ancestors and in 1713 was appointed an Imperial Bodyguard. After serving at various military posts he was made provincial commander-in-chief of Szechwan in 1727 at a time of sweeping changes in the method of governing the Miao or aborigines of China (see under ). Local conditions were in considerable confusion and Huang, stationed in an area where the Miao population was great, had frequently to deal with them. In 1728 a Miao chieftain of Lei-p'o, Szechwan, named Yang Ming-i 楊明義, aided a Miao woman of near-by Mi-t'ieh, Yunnan, named Lu, in a revolt (see under ). Huang marched on Yang, captured him, and over a region extending as far eastward as A-lü, Kweichow, massacred almost ten thousand of the luckless aborigines.

Emperor Shih-tsung, however, was not wholehearted in his approval of this policy of extermination, regarding it as more practical to conciliate the Miao whenever possible. Thus when in 1729 Huang memorialized that the Miao of Jung-mei (Ho-fêng), Hupeh, were overstepping their rights in collecting a tax on the Szechwan border, the emperor, recalling that they were the wealthiest and strongest of all the Miao in Hupeh and Szechwan, ordered that they be instructed and allowed gradually to reform, condoning their improprieties as being the result of lax government under the Mings. Also in 1730 when Huang memorialized about the Miao of Yu-yang, Szechwan, concealing a certain revolutionist, the emperor doubted it, ordering that an inquiry be made into the affair so that oppressive petty officials would not stir up new trouble among them.

For a brief campaign against a branch of the Miao called Lolo, conducted in 1730–31 on the border between Yunnan and Szechwan, Huang received imperial praise. Shortly afterwards 349