Page:Eminent Chinese Of The Ch’ing Period - Hummel - 1943 - Vol. 1.pdf/168

Rh another son, Ch'ien Ping-sên 錢炳森, who was a chü-jên of 1844 but died in middle life. When Ch'ien Ying-p'u reprinted the Kan-ch'üan hsiang-jên kao in 1872, he added a nien-p'u of his father and 1 chüan of poems by his brother. He rose to the office of president of the Board of Works (1897–99).

Ch'ien T'ai-chi and his cousin, Ch'ien I-chi, were sometimes referred to as "The Two Stones of the Ch'ien family" (錢氏二石) because they both had hao containing the character shih 石 meaning 'stone'.

[1/491/6a; 2/73/14a; 5/79/16a; Chia-hsing hsien-chih (1906) 21/38b, 22/50b; Yeh Ch'ang-ch'ih (see under ), Ts'ang-shu chi-shih shih 6/43b.]

2em

 CH'IEN T'ang 錢塘, 1735–1790, scholar, native of Chia-ting, Kiangsu, was a relative of. He obtained his chü-jên degree in 1779 and his chin-shih degree in 1780 with appointment as director of schools of Chiang-ning (Nanking). His scholastic interests were wide and he produced studies in many fields, including the classics, history, philosophy, music and the Shuo-wên (for the last see under ). A collection of his prose writings, dealing principally with the Classics, and entitled 溉亭述古錄 Kai-t'ing shu-ku lu, 2 chüan, was printed in the Huang-Ch'ing ching-chieh (see under ). His 律呂古義 Lü-lü ku-i, also known as Lü-lü k'ao-wên (考文), 6 chüan, a work on ancient music, is included in the Nan-ch'ing shu-yüan ts'ung-shu (see under ). He left about fifteen works of which some are apparently not extant.

A younger brother of Ch'ien T'ang, named Ch'ien Tien 錢坫, was a scholar and calligrapher. He became a fu-hung or senior licentiate of the second class in 1774, and then was appointed a second class sub-prefect of Ch'ien-chou, Shensi. Later he officiated simultaneously as magistrate of several other districts in the same province. About 1783 he participated in the compilation of the local history of Han-ch'êng, Shensi, 韓城縣志 Han-ch'êng hsien-chih, which was printed in 1784. He was also a member of the staff which compiled the Hsü Tzŭ-chih t'ung-chien (see under ). His work on the Shuo-wên, entitled 說文解字斠詮 Shuo-wên chieh-tzŭ chiao-ch'üan, 14 chüan, was first printed in 1807. His notes on the geographical section of the Han-shu, 新斠注漢書地理志 Hsin chiao chu Han-shu ti-li chih, 16 chüan, was first printed in 1797 and was later annotated by. Two of his antiquarian studies, entitled 車制考 Chü-chih k'ao and 爾雅釋地 Êr-ya shih-ti, are included in the Hsü Huang-Ch'ing ching-chieh (see under ).

Ch'ien Tien was an accomplished calligrapher, though it is said that after suffering a paralytic stroke he learned to write with his left hand. regarded him as the most skillful writer of lesser seal characters in the Ch'ing period.

Ch'ien T'ang and his brother, Ch'ien Ta-hsin and his two sons, and and his three sons—all being scholars of repute—came to be known collectively as the "Nine Ch'iens" (九錢).

[1/487/18a; 4/49/21b, 134/12b; 20/4/00 (portrait of Ch'ien Tien); 26/2/32a; 29/6/10a; Chia-ting hsien-chih (1880) 16/52b, 53b.]

2em

 CH'IEN Tsai 錢載, Oct. 21, 1708–1793, official, poet, and painter, was a native of Hsiu-shui, Chekiang, and a relative of. He came from a poor family but by dint of hard study early established a reputation as a poet. About the year 1725 he began to teach the sons of Ch'ien Ch'ên-ch'ün, and while so engaged, learned painting from the latter's mother,. In 1736 Ch'ien Tsai competed in the second special po-hsüeh hung-tz'ŭ examination of 1736 (see under ) but failed to qualify. In 1751 he failed in another special examination for classical scholars (see under ). Nevertheless in the following year he became a chin-shih with high honors, was selected a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy and later was given the rank of a compiler. Thereafter he served several times as a provincial examiner (Kwangsi in 1759, Kiangnan in 1765 and 1780, Kiangsi in 1774 and 1779) and as diarist of the emperor's movements. In 1773 he was appointed a sub-chancellor of the Grand Secretariat and two years later, a teacher in the school known as Shang-shu fang (see under ) where the sons of the emperor studied. He served a year as commissioner of education in Shantung (1776–77), and once represented the emperor in offering sacrifices to the sacred moun- 156