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 Shan see.

Yen is a common radical, attached to characters connected in any way with speech. Under its old form, the upper lines seem to issue from 口 k'ou mouth. [Confucius is of course understood.]

Mêng see.

Tzŭ see.

Chê see.

Ch'i see.

P'ien see.

Chih originally meant a base or foundation, and later the foot. It is now commonly used in the sense of only, derived from to stop.

[It is absurd to say, as Eitel does, that the works of Mencius "consist of seven sections only," the comparison being with the Lun Yü in twenty sections, since the former work is nearly twice the length of the latter. Another view is that Mencius' works end with the 7th section, as if more had been intended; but it is really quite unnecessary to press chih for any special value except that of jingle. Père Zottoli's command of Latin here stands him in good stead:—Mentsii liber septem capitibus absolvitur.]

Chiang see.

Tao see. The WAY here is of course that of Confucius.