Page:Elementary Chinese - San Tzu Ching (1900).djvu/139

 pickled fish as phonetic, and meant stupid talk, dull, obtuse. It was the name of the State in which Confucius was born, and so came to be used in the exactly opposite sense of intellectual cultivation. It is not however in that sense, as Eitel and Zottoli wrongly suppose ("kept reading the Lu State's Discourses" and "studebat regni Lou sententiis"), that the word is here applied to Lun. By it is meant that particular copy of the Lun Yü which was recovered under the Han dynasty from the Lu State and became finally the standard text, as distinguished from the 齊 Ch'i copy, recovered from the State of that name.

Lun see. Here elliptical.

Pi is composed of 彳 a step with the left foot as radical, and 皮 p'i skin as phonetic. It means that, objective, as opposed to 此 tz'ǔ this, subjective.

Chi see.

Shih is composed of 人 jen man as radical, and 士 shih (which originally meant affairs, because all affairs begin with 一 i one and end with 十 shih ten) soldier, scholar, as phonetic. It is used in the sense of to hold office.

Hsüeh see.

Ch'ieh is composed of 几 chi a stool standing upon 一 i one, which here does duty for the ground, with two horizontal lines. It originally meant to set forth as a sacrifice.

Ch'in see.