Page:Elementary Chinese - San Tzu Ching (1900).djvu/114

 to go in, a sense which is still, though rarely, attached to it. Its modern radical is 凵, an obsolete word meaning to contain. [Père Zottoli translates this line by "septem potentes exorti sunt," by which he refers to men and not to States, since he always translates the latter by "regna." He does not however mention in his notes the names of the seven heroes to whom he alludes. Ho Hsing-ssŭ gives them in his commentary as the Princes of the first six States given above, with the Prince of the 梁 Liang State as the seventh. The translation adopted is based on Wang Hsiang's commentary.]

Ying is composed of 女 nü woman, and 羸 lei thin with 羊 yang sheep left out, the latter being given in the Shuo Wên as phonetic. It was the family name of the Emperor 少昊 Shao Hao, B.C. 2958, and is classed like other old clan names, and like 姓 hsing surname (= woman-born, from 女 nü woman and 生 shêng to produce), under 女 as radical. See.

Ch'in is composed of 禾 ho grain as radical, and a contraction of 春 ch'un spring as phonetic. It was the name of a fief bestowed upon the descendants of a Minister under the Emperor Shun and adapted for growing grain.

Shih see. [Père Zottoli has "Yng e Ts'in familia," and shows by his note that he means "familia" to belong to "Yng." Eitel has "a man of the Ying clan, being the sovereign of the Ts'in family." The translation however must be based on the following facts. Ying was the name of an old family or clan, one member of which received the fief of Ch'in for services rendered to a sovereign of the Chou dynasty; 是爲秦氏