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 into it four miles below Vancouver on the opposite side. Twenty miles up the stream is a cascade of about twenty-five feet, and thirty miles further is a Canadian establishment, which in 1838 numbered twenty-six Catholic families, besides the settlers from the United States. The residence of the Methodist minister was ten miles higher up.[13] The River Cowlitz falls into the Columbia thirty miles below Vancouver, on the same side. Forty-five miles from its mouth is seen the establishment which bears its name. Four Catholic families resided here on the arrival of the missionaries. From this place to {20} Nesqualy at the southern extremity of Puget Sound, the distance is nearly seventy miles, and it is equally far from the latter point to the island of Whitby.[14] Two days' journey further north will bring you to the River Frazer, on which Fort Langley is situated.[15] This river falls into Puget Sound or the Gulf of Georgia.

The mission of St. Mary's among the Flatheads is ten days' journey from Colville, towards the south-east, and about five hundred miles from Vancouver.[16] The most distant to which Mr. Demers has penetrated as yet, is Bear Lake in New Caledonia,[17] seven hundred miles