Page:Early Greek philosophy by John Burnet, 3rd edition, 1920.djvu/350

336 are one, if the word is is used in one sense only (Parmenides), by affirming the reality of what is not; to the second, that based on dichotomy (Zeno), by introducing indivisible magnitudes." Finally, it is only by regarding the matter in this way that we can attach any meaning to another statement of Aristotle's that Leukippos and Demokritos, as well as the Pythagoreans, virtually make all things out of numbers. Leukippos, in fact, gave the Pythagorean monads the character of the Parmenidean One.

174. We must observe that the atom is not mathematically indivisible, for it has magnitude; it is, however, physically indivisible, because, like the One of Parmenides, it contains no empty space. Each atom has extension, and all atoms are exactly alike in substance. Therefore all differences in things must be accounted for either by the shape of the atoms or by their arrangement. It seems probable that the three ways in which differences arise, namely, shape, position, and arrangement, were already distinguished by Leukippos; for Aristotle mentions his name in connexion with them. This explains, too, why the atoms are called "forms" or "figures," a way of speaking which is clearly of Pythagorean origin. That they are also called