Page:EB1922 - Volume 32.djvu/874

842 TABLE VIII. Largest Irish Towns.

Popula- tion

Inc. or Dec. per cent on 1901

Popula- tion

Inc. or Dec. per cent on 1901

1911

Rate per cent

1911

Rate per cent

Dublin and Suburbs: Dublin City. Rathmines & Rath- gar Pembroke Kingstown Blackrock

309,272

38,190 29,260 17,227 9,081

+6-4

+ I7-I + 13-4 -0-9

+4-2

Belfast Cork London- derry. Limerick. Waterford Galway. Dundalk. Drogheda Lurgan Lisburn.

Sligo Kilkenny Clonmel.

385,492 76,632

40,799 38,403 27,430 13,249 13,128

12,425 12,135 12,172

11,163

10,513 10,277

+ 10-4 +0-7

+2-3 +0-7

+2-5

-1-3 +0-4

-2-6

-3-o

+6-2

+2-7 -0-9 + i-i

Total.

Newry Portadown Wexford. Ballymena

403-030

",956 11,727

",455 ii,376

+7-4

-3-6

+ 16-2

+2-6

+4-5

Vital Statistics. In the separate section below (Medical Examination of the Nation) the results of the physical census held during the war are discussed. The birth-rate, death-rate, and marriage-rate for the United Kingdom are given in Table IX. for various years down to 1919. The figures per thou- sand, for 1916 and following years, are based upon estimates of the population in which allowance is made for conditions of military service, and, in the case of the death-rate, upon the deaths and presumed total number of civilians.

TABLE IX. Birth-rate.

1910

1914

1916

1918

1919

England. Scotland. Ireland

25-1 26-2

22-6

23-8

26-1 22-6

20-8 22-8 2O-9

17-7 20-2

19-9

18-3

21-7

20-0

TABLE X. Death-rate.

1910

1914

1916

1918

1919

England Scotland. Ireland

13-5 15-3 17-1

14-0

15-5 16-3

14-4 14-6 16-13

17-6 16-0 18-0

13-7 15-4 17-9

TABLE XI. Marriage-rate.

Year

England and Wales

Scotland

Ireland

United Kingdom

Total

per

IOOO

Total

per

IOOO

Total

per

IOOO

Total

per

IOOO

1910 1912 1914 1916 1918 1919

267,721 283,834 294,401 279,846 287,163 369,4"

15-0 15-6 15-9 14-9

15-3 19-7

30,902 32,506 35,028 31,483 34,594 44.137

13-0

13-7 14-8

I3-I

14-2 18-0

22,112

23,283

23,695 22,245 22,570 27,193

IO-I

10-6 10-8

IO-2

10-3

12-2

320,735 339,623 353,124 333,574 344,327 440,741

14-3 14-9

15-3 14-2 14-7 18-9

Emigration. Table XII. shows the number of emigrants, dis- tinguishing English and Welsh, Scottish, and Irish, who left the United Kingdom in 1910 and 1913. During the war emigra- tion decreased, and full particulars for years during and since the war were not available in 1921.

TABLE XII. Emigration.

Year

English and Welsh'

Scottish

Irish

Total

1910 1913

241,767 285,899

78,040 59,047

50,810

44,662

370,617 389,608

In 1915, 104,919 British subjects left for places outside Europe.

Occupations. Table XIII. shows the occupations of the people (excluding children under ten years old), as distinguished in six great groups, or unoccupied and unspecified, according to the census of 1911.

TABLE XIII. Occupations.

England & Wales

Scotland

Ireland

Government Defence

/ 299,599 \ 1205,817;

47,408

Professional

714,621

81,675

131,035

Domestic

2,121,717

201,066

219,418

Commercial

2,214,031

283,465

97,889

Agricultural and Fish- ing

1,260,476

227,111

876,062

Industrial.

9,468,138

1,226,242

639,413

Unoccupied and Un-

specified.

12,234,914

1,647,434

2,494,958

Pauperism. Table XIV. gives particulars in regard to the number of persons receiving poor relief in England and Wales on Jan. i in each year.

TABLE XIV. Pauperism.

Jan. 1st

Institutional

Domiciliary

Lunatics & Casuals

Total

1914

1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920

264,292 258,962 226,466 215,283

198,493 183,110 186.273

388,917 394.843 354,325 321,813 296,104 287,244 305,822

108,509 108,255

103,758 100,231 92,188 84,263 84,323

761,718 762,060 684,549 637,327 586,785

554,617 576,418

In Scotland, on May 15 1916, the figures for paupers were 95,857, and on the same day in 1917, 89,779. Figures for Ireland, on Mar. 31 in each year, were: 1914, 76,093; 1915, 73,508; 1916, 68,864; 1917, 67,522.

A griculture. (See also the article AGRICULTURE). The depres- sion in British agriculture, which set in in 1879 and culminated in 1894, continued to show some abatement down to 1914, al- though in that year arable land in the United Kingdom amounted only to 19,414,166 ac. against 24,092,075 ac. in 1870, and wheat production only to 7,804,041 quarters against 13,419,496 quarters. British agriculture had turned away from the cultiva- tion of cereals and towards the raising of stock. At the out- break of the World War, therefore, Britain, as a country import- ing the vastly greater proportion of its food-stuffs, was faced with the possibility of a shortage and of an adverse effect upon exchanges owing to compulsory importation, at enhanced prices, while countervailing exports necessarily diminished. The researches of various Royal Commissions, the efforts of the Government and public bodies, and the effect of high prices, resulted, from the early part of 1917, in a large extension of arable cultivation, 1,497,293 ac. being added to the area under tillage in Great Britain in 1917-8.

Tables XV. and XVI. show the total area of arable land and of permanent grass in the four divisions of the United Kingdom for each year 1912-20.

TABLE XV. Arable Land.

June 4th

England acres

Wales acres

Scotland acres

Ireland acres

1912

1913 1914

1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920

10,596,843 10,361,849 10,306,467 10,272,673 10,302,153 10,454,149 11,463,679

11,412,353 11,180,322

738,433 696,384 691,787

693,034 748,948

791,957 934,961 896,523 839.423

3,325,027

3.301,954 3,295,487 3,289,902

3,303,741 3,360,562

3,453.495 3,408,479 3,380,237

4,988,420 4,978,580 5,027,082

4.998.903 5,050,234 5,046,008 5,271,830

TABLE XVI. Permanent Grass.

June 4th

England acres

Wales acres

Scotland acres

Ireland

acres

1912

1913 1914

1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920

13,817,650 14,012,946 14,061,042 14,038,071 14,015,840 13,868,721 12,798,361 12,656,945 12,667,104

2,021,764 2,058,203 2,054,708 2,049,322 2,007,143 1,966,654

1,790,511 1,782,132 1.820,162

1,496,307

1,495,965 ,490,694

,491,495 ,471,765 ,415,761 ,307,606 ,342,996 ,358.809

9,685,358 9,712,567

9,715,684 9,720,785 9,664,043 9,308,546 9- I 2i,i45