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 RIDDELL, RIGHT HON. LORD. (Rl.) Vice-chairman of the Newspaper Proprietors' Association. Chairman of the Weekly Newspaper and Periodical Proprietors' Association. Rep- resented the British Press at the Peace Conference, 1919-21. See the biographical article: RIDDELL, BARON. Censorship (in part).

RILEY, GEORGE WASHINGTON, Ph.B., D.O. (G.W.Ri.) Late President, New York State and City Osteopathic Societies. President, American Osteopathic Association, 1917-8. Osteopathy.

ROBERTSON, JAMES ALEXANDER, Ph.B., L.H.D. (J.A.Ro.) Chief of the Near Eastern Division Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C. Co-editor of Blair and Robertson's The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898 (55 vols.). Compiler of Bibliography of the Philippine Islands; etc. Guam; Philippines.

ROBERTSON, WILLIAM SPENCE, Ph.D. (W.S.Ro.) Professor of History in the University of Illinois. Author of Francisco de Miranda and the Revolutionizing of Spanish America; Rise of the Spanish American Republics; etc. Bolivia; Colombia; Ecuador; Venezuela. ROBINSON, COMMANDER WILLIAM MALCOLM MARTYN, R.N. (W.M.M.R.) Torpedo.

ROOD, RIGHT HON. SIR JAMES RENNELL, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., G.C.V.O. (J.R.R.) Grand Cross of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus. Commander of the Osmanieh. Grand Cross of Polar Star. Late Ambassador to the Court of Italy. Mem- ber of Lord Milner's Mission to Egypt, 1920. Special Envoy to King Menelek II., 1897. Author of Customs and Lore of Modern Greece; Poems in Many Lands; etc. Egypt (History); Sudan (in part).

ROGERS, SIR LEONARD, C.I.E., M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.S., I.M.S. (retired). (L.Ro.) Physician and Lecturer, London School of Tropical Medicine. Late Professor of Pathology, Calcutta. Author of works on fevers in the tropics; etc. Kala-Azar.

ROSENHAIN, WALTER, B.A., D.Sc., F.Inst.P., F.R.S. (W.RN.) Superintendent, Metallurgy Department, National Physical Laboratory. Author of Introduction to the Study of Physical Metallurgy; Glass Manufacture; etc, Metallurgy.

ROSS, COLONEL SIR RONALD, K.C.B., K.C.M.G., F.R.S., F.R.C.S., Hon.M.D., D.Sc., etc. (R.Ro.) Nobel Medical Prizeman, 1902. _ Author of The Prevention of Malaria; etc. See the biographical article: Ross, SIR RONALD. Malaria.

RODRE, REMY. (R.R.*) Labour Correspondent of L'Edair, Paris. France (in part).

RUSHTON, THOMAS ARTHUR. (T.A.R.) Editor and writer on social subjects. Housing (in part).

RUSSELL, EDWARD JOHN, D.Sc.; F.R.S. (E.J.R.) Director of the Rothamsted Experimental Station. Author of Soil Conditions and Plant Growth; The Fertility of the Soil; Lessons on Soil; Manuring for Higher Crop Production; etc. Botany (Soil Sterilization).

RUTHERFORD, SIR ERNEST, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S. (E.RuJ Cavendish Professor of Experimental Physics, University of Cambridge. Author of Radioactivity; Radioactive Substances and their Radiations; etc. See the biographical article: RUTHERFORD, SIR ERNEST. Radioactivity; Matter, Constitution of.

SAITO, HIROSI, M.A. (H.S A .) Secretary of Embassy and Consul in the Japanese Diplomatic and Consular Service. Member of the Japanese Delegation to the Peace Conference in Paris, 1919, and to other Inter-Allied and International Conferences in Europe, 1919-21. Formosa; Japan; Korea; Sakhalin.

SALISBURY, EDWARD JAMES, D.Sc., F.L.S. (E.J.S.) Lecturer in Botany and Fellow of University College, London. Hon Secretary, British Ecological Society. Author of An Intro- duction to the Study of Plants; etc. Botany (Ecology).

SALMON, ERNEST STANLEY, F.L.S. (E.S.S.) Reader in Eco- nomic Mycology, University of London. Mycologist to the South-Eastern Agricultural College, Wye, Kent. Botany (Mycology).

SALTER, EMMA GURNEY, M.A., Litt.D. (E.G.S.) Author of Franciscan Legends in Italian Art; Nature in Italian Art- etc Morocco; Rio de Oro.

SANDERS, HERBERT MITCHELL, M.A. (H.M.SA.) Assistant Secretary to the Board of Inland Revenue. Assistant Sec- retary to the Royal Commission on the Income Tax, 1919-20. Income Tax (United Kingdom). SANDFpRD, ERNEST (E.S.) Secretary to the Lord Mayor of Birmingham. Joint-author (with R. H. Brazier) of Birming- ham and the Great War. Birmingham.

SANER, F.D.,M.A.(Cantab.),F.R.C.S. (F.D.S.) Surgeon to Out- Patients, Great Northern Hospital, London. Surgeon, Eve- lina Hospital for Childern. Late Consulting Surgeon, British Rhine Army. Fractures.

SAUNDERS, GEORGE, O.B.E., B.A. (Oxpn.),Hon.LL.D. (Glasgow). (G;S.) Correspondent of the Morning Post in Berlin, 1888-97; and of The Times in Berlin, 1897-1908, and in Paris, 1908-14. Bethmann Hollweg, T. von; Billow, Prince von; Delbriick, Hans; Eisner, Kurt; Erzberger, M. (in part); Eucken, R. C. (in part); Tirpitz, Alfred von.

SCALES, REAR-ADMIRAL ARCHIBALD HENDERSON. (A.H.S.) Superintendent, United States Naval Academy. United States Naval Academy. SCANE, JOHN W., M.D. (J.W.S.) Assistant Dean, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University. Medical Education (Canada).

SCHILLER, FERDINAND CANNING SCOTT, M.A., D.Sc. (F.C.S.S.) Fellow and Tutor of Corpus Christ! College, Ox- ford. President of the Society for Psychical Research, 1914. Author of Formal Logic; Humanism; Studies in Humanism; Riddles of the Sphinx; etc. Psychical Research.

SCHOLES, PERCY ALFRED, B.Mus., A.R.C.M. (P.A.S.) Music Critic of The Observer, London. Editor of The Music Student. Author of The Listener's Guide to Music; etc. Scriabin, A.

SCHUSTER, SIR ARTHUR, Ph.D., Sc.D., D.Sc., F.R.S. (A.S.*) Hon. Professor of Physics in the University of Manchester. Author of Introduction to the Theory of Optics; etc. Joint- author (with Sir Arthur Shipley) of Britain's Heritage of Science. See the biographical article: SCHUSTER, SIR ARTHUR. International Science.

SCHUTZE, HARRY L. H., M.D. (H.L.H.S.) Bacteriologist at the Lister Institute, London. Bacteriology (Medical).

SCOGGIN, GILBERT CAMPBELL, M.A., Ph.D. (G.C.S.) Some- time Scholar of Harvard University. Formerly Assistant Professor of Greek at the University of Missouri. Associate Editor of The Classical Journal. Member of the American Editorial Staff of the Encyclopaedia Britannica. Hoover, Herbert Clark; Tennessee. SCOTT, AUSTIN, A.B., A.M., Ph.D., LL.D. (A.Sc.) Professor of History and Political Science, Rutgers College, New Bruns- wick, N.J. New Jersey.

SCOTT-MONCRIEFF, MAJOR-GENERAL SIR GEORGE KEN- NETH, K.C.B., K.C.M.G., C.I.E., Hon.M.Inst.C.E., Late R.E. (G.K.S.-M.) Director of Fortifications and Works, War Office, 1911-8. Author of The Water Supply of Barracks and Cantonments; The Principles of Structural Design; etc. Barracks and Hutments (United Kingdom); Engineers, Military (United Kingdom); Training Camps, Military (in part); Water Supply, Military.

SCROGGS, WILLIAM OSCAR, A.M., Ph.D. (W.O.S.) Financial writer on the New York Evening Post. Formerly Professor of Economics and Sociology, Louisiana State University. Author of Filibusters and Financiers. Louisiana.

SECCOMBE, THOMAS, M.A. (T.SE.) Professor of English Lit- erature, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario. Assistant Editor of the Dictionary of National Biography, 1891-1901. Author of The Age of Johnson; etc. English Literature (in part). SELLS, HON. CATO, M.A., LL.D. (C.SE.) Commissioner of Indian Affairs for the U.S.A., 1912-21. Indians, North American.

SETON-WATSON, ROBERT WILLIAM, D.Litt.(Oxon-), Hon. Ph.D. (Prague and Zagreb). (R.W.S.-W.) Lecturer in East European History at King's College, University of London. Author of Racial Problems in Hungary; The Southern Slav Question; The Rise of Nationality in the Balkans; etc. Editor of The New Europe. Serbia; Yugoslavia.

SEYMOUR, CHARLES, M.A., Ph.D., Litt.D. (C.S E Y.) Professor of History in Yale University, Technical Delegate at the Paris Peace Conference. Author of The Diplomatic Back- ground of the War; Woodrow Wilson and the World War. Harding, Warren G.; Wilson, Woodrow; Washington Confer- The Initials in brackets indicate the Signatures adopted to distinguish the Contributors.