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 HALDANE, ELIZABETH SANDERSON, C.H., LL.D., J.P. (E.S.H.) Member of Education Authority for Perthshire. Vice-chairman, Territorial Force Nursing Service Committee. On Royal Commission on the Civil Service. Member of the Scottish Universities Committee. Author of The Life of Descartes; etc. Child Welfare (United Kingdom); Nursing (in part).

HALE, JAMES E., S.B., M.S.A.E. (J.E.HA.) Technical Development and Sales Engineer, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio. Tire.

HALL, SIR ALFRED DANIEL, K.C.B., M.A., LL.D., F.R.S. (A.D.H.) Chief Scientific Adviser and Director-General of the Intelligence Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. Author of The Soil; Fertilisers and Manures; A Pilgrimage of British Farming; Agriculture after the War; etc.* Agriculture.

HALL, HARRY REGINALD HOLLAND, D.Litt., M.B.E., F.S.A. (H.H.*) Assistant Keeper of Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities, British Museum. Archaeology (Egypt and Western Asia).

HALNAN, E. T. (E.T.H.) Senior Inspector, Intelligence Depart- ment, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Great Britain. Milk.

HAMILTON, JOSEPH GREGOIRE DE ROULHAC, M.A., Ph.D. (J.G.de R.H.) Kenan Professor of History and Government in the University of North Carolina. Author of Reconstruc- tion in North Carolina; North Carolina since 1860; etc. North Carolina.

HAMMER, S. C., F.R.S.A. (S.C.H.) Chief Archivist and Librarian of the Norwegian Foreign Office, Christiania. Norway.

HANEY, LEWIS HENRY, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (L.H.H.) Bureau of Markets, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Formerly Di- rector, New York University, Bureau of Business Research. Member of the Economic Advisory Board of the Federal Trade Commission, 1916-9. Prices ( United States ) ; Profiteering ( United States).

HAPPOLD, CAPTAIN FREDERICK CROSSFIELD, D.S.O. (F.C.H.) Late General Staff (Intelligence), V. Army, and Lecturer at the Intelligence School, Harrow-on-the-Hill. Intelligence, Military (in part).

HARDY, GODFREY HAROLD, M.A., F.R.S. (G.H.H.) Fellow of New College, Oxford. Savilian Professor of Geometry in Oxford University. Formerly Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. Mathematics ( Theory of Numbers; Theory of Series; Theory of Functions).

HARING, CLARENCE HENRY, B.Litt.(Oxon.), Ph.D. (Harvard). (C.H.H.) Associate Professor of History in Yale University. Author of The Buccaneers in the West Indies in the X VII. Century; Trade and Navigation between Spain and the Indies in the Time of the Habsburgs; etc. Brazil; Rio de Janeiro.

HART, ALBERT BUSHNELL, A.B., LL.D., Litt.D. (A.B.H.) Professor of Government, Harvard University. Author of Salmon Portland Chase; Slavery and Abolition; National Ideas Historically Traced; Monroe Doctrine; etc. Editor of the American Nation; Cyclopaedia of American Government' etc. Roosevelt, Theodore; United Stales (History).

HATCHER, MAJOR JULIAN SOMERVTLLE. (J.S.HA.) Ordnance Department, U.S. Army. Member of the American Institution of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers. Life Member of the National Association of America. Experimental Engineer at the Government Small Arms Plant, Springfield Armory. Formerly Chief of the Machine-Gun and Small Arms Section, Ordnance Department. - Machine-Guns; Sights (in part).

HAWKINS, CHARLES CAESAR, M.A., M.I.E.E., Assoc. American I.E.E. (C.C.H.) Author of The Dynamo. Joint-author of Papers on the Design of Alternate Current Machinery. Electrical Engineering (in part).

HEADLAM-MORLEY, JAMES WYCLIFFE, M.A., C.B.E. (J.W. H.-M.) Historical Adviser to the Foreign Office. Formerly Fellow of King's College, Cambridge. Author of Election by Lot at Athens; Life of Bismarck; Special Reports issued by the Board of Education on Classical Studies in Germany The History of Twelve Days; The Issue; etc. Europe.

HELLFRON, EDUARD, Geheimer Justizrat. (E.H.) Judge at the Court of Berlin. Professor at the Commercial Univer- sity College of Berlin. Germany (Administration).

HELDT, PETER MARTIN, (P.M.H.) Engineering Editor of Automotive Industries. Author of The Gasoline Automobile. Motor Vehicles; Tractors.

HENNIKER, LIEUTENANT-COLONEL A. M. (A.M.H.) Inland Water Transport.

HERBERT, SYDNEY. (S.H.) Lecturer in International Politics, University College, Aberstwyth. Author of Modern Europe, 1789–1914; Nationality and its Problems; Fall of Feudalism in France. Syndicalism (in part).

HEZLET, LIEUTENANT-COLONEL ROBERT KNOX, C.B.E., D.S.O. (R.K.H.) Royal Field Artillery, Superintendent of External Ballistics, Ordnance Committee. Author of Nomography; Interior Ballistics; etc. Ballistics (in part); Nomography.

HELDERBRAND, KARL, Ph.D. (K.H.*) Member of the Swedish Debt Board. Chief Editor of the daily paper Stockholms Dagblad, 1904–13. Member of the Swedish Parliament, 1907–18. Sweden.

HILL, SQUADRON LEADER R. M., R.A.F., M.C., A.F.C. (R.M.H.) Associate Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society. For- merly in charge of the Experimental Flying Department, Royal Aircraft Establishment. Author of paper to the Royal Aeronautical Society: A Comparison of the Flying Qualities of Single and Twin-Engined Aeroplanes; Aeronautical Re- search Committee Reports and Memoranda No. 678; The Influence of Military and Civil Requirements on the Flying Qualities of Aeroplanes. Aeronautics (Performance of Aeroplanes).

HILTON, JOHN (J.H.) Strikes and Lockouts (in part); Unemployment (United Kingdom Statistics). HODDER, FRANK HEYWOOD, Ph.M. (F.H.H.*) Professor of American History in the University of Kansas. Kansas.

HOEN, LIEUTENANT-FIELD-MARSHAL MAXIMILIAN. (M.H.) Director of the Austrian Kriegsarchiv, Vienna. Part-author of the Austrian Official history of the First Silesian War. Author of Der Krieg 1809; etc. Rovno, Battle of.

HOLDERNESS, SIR THOMAS WILLIAM, Bart., G.C.B., K.C.S.I. (T.W.Ho.) Late Permanent Under-Secretary of State for India. Author of Peoples and Problems of India; Narra- tive of the Indian Famine, 1896-97. Editor of the 4th edi- tion of Strachey's India. India.

HOLLAND, CAPTAIN EDGAR STOPFORD. (E.S.H.*) Late Royal West Kent Regiment. Formerly Mobilization Direc- torate, War Office. Member of Gray's Inn. Army (British Demobilization); Dogs, War (in part); Marines (in part).

HOLLANDER, JACOB H., Ph.D. (J.H. Ho.) Professor of Political Economy in Johns Hopkins University. Author of David Ricardo; The Abolition of Poverty; War Borrowing; etc. Treasurer of Porto Rico, 1900–1. Financial Adviser of the Dominican Republic, 1908–10. Haiti; Porto Rico; Santo Domingo.

HOLT, COLONEL LUCIUS H.,B.A.,M.A., Ph.D. (Yale). (L.H.H.*) Professor of English and History at the United States Military Academy, West Point. Author of Introduction to the Study of Government. Joint-author (with Major A. W. Chilton) of History of Europe, 1789–1815; History of Europe, 1862–1914. West Point.

HOOPER, FRANKLIN HENRY. (F.H.H.) American Editor of the Encyclopedia Britannica (i2th Edition). Public Assistance (United States).

HOPKINS, ERNEST MARTIN, A.M., Litt.D., LL.D. (E.M.Ho.) President of Dartmouth College, Hanover, N.H. Dartmouth College.

HOWARD-VYSE, LIEUTENANT-COLONEL RICHARD GRANVILLE HYLTON, C.M.G., D.S.O. (R.G.H.-V.) Royal Horse Guards. Served during the World War as Chief-pf-Staff of 5th Cavalry Brigade and 5th Cavalry Division in France, and of Desert Mounted Corps in Palestine. Mounted Troops. The Initials in brackets indicate the Signatures adopted to distinguish the Contributors.