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 BOURNE, HENRY ELDRIDGE, L.H.D. (H.E.B.) Professor of History in Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. Author of The Revolutionary Period in Europe; The Teaching of History and Civics; etc. Cleveland.

BOURSON, PAUL. (P.B.) Member of the Commissariat General of the French Republic at Strasbourg. Alsace-Lorraine; France (in part).

BOWLEY, ARTHUR LYON, Sc.D. (A.L.Bo.) Professor of Sta- tistics in the University of London. Author of Elements of Statistics; Wages in the United Kingdom; etc. Cost of Living; Prices (in part); Wages (in part). BOYD, WILLIAM KENNETH, A.M., Ph.D. (W.K.B.) Professor of History, Trinity College, Durham, N.C. Joint-editor of The South Atlantic Quarterly. Author of A History of North Carolina, 1783-1860; etc. Virginia.

BRANDE, HERBERT. (H.B.*) Formerly Editorial Writer on The Chicago Tribune. Newspapers (United States); Railway Stations.

BRANDT, LILIAN, M.A. (L.BR.) Author of Social Aspects of Tuberculosis; Causes of Poverty; Deserted Families; etc. United States (Social and Welfare Work, in part).

BRIDGES, CAPTAIN HENRY DALRYMPLE, D.S.O., R.N. (H.D.B.). Submarine Mines (in part). BRIGHT, SIR CHARLES, F.R.S.E., M.Inst.C.E., M.I.E.E., F.S.S., F.Hist.S. (C.BR.*) Author of Submarine Telegraphs; Imperial Telegraphic Communication; Telegraphy, Aeronau- tics and War; etc. Submarine Cable Telegraphy. BROCKHAUSEN, CARL, Dr. Juris. (C.BR.) Professor of the Science of Administration in the University of Vienna. Austrian Empire (in part) ; Badeni, K.; Lammasch, H.; Lueger, Karl. BROOKS, ALFRED H., B.Sc., D.Sc. (A.H.BR.) Geologist, U.S. Geological Survey. In charge of geologic and topographic surveys and investigations of mineral resources of Alaska. Vice-chairman of the first Alaska Railroad Commission. Alaska. BROOKS, ROBERT PRESTON, Ph.D. (R.P.B.) Dean of the School of Commerce, University of Georgia; formerly Pro- fessor of History. Author of A History of Georgia; The Agrarian Revolution in Georgia; etc. Georgia (U.S.A.). BROWN, FRANK HERBERT, C.I.E. (F.H.BR.) On the Staff of The Times for Indian Affairs. London Correspondent of The Times of India. Formerly Assistant Editor of the Bombay Gazette and Editor of the Indian Daily Telegraph, Lucknow. Aga Khan; Bikaner, Maharaja of; Gokhale, G. K.; Hydera- bad, Nizam of; Mehta, Sir P. M.; Tilak, B. G. BROWN, ROBERT N. RUDMOSE, D.Sc. (R.N.R.B.) Member of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition, 1902-4, and of the Scottish Arctic Expeditions, 1909, 1912 and 1914. Lecturer in Geography, University of Sheffield. Author of Spitsbergen, etc. Joint-author of The Voyage of the Scotia. Aland Islands; Arctic Regions; Siberia; Spitsbergen. BROWN, WALTER LANGDON, M.A., M.D. (Cantab.), F.R.C.P. (W.L.B.*) Physician, with cjiarge of Out-Patients, to St. Bartholomew's Hospital (London). Physician to the Metropolitan Hospital, etc. Author of Physiological Prin- ciples in Treatment; The Sympathetic Nervous System in Disease; etc. Sympathetic Nervous System. BROWNLEE, JOHN, M.A., M.D., D.Sc. Q.BRO.) Director of Statistics, Medical Research Council. Epidemiology (in part). BRUCCOLERI, GIUSEPPE. (G.B.*) Barrister-at-Law. Author of La Sicilia di oggi; Dal conflitto europeo alia guerra nostra; etc. Italian Literature. BUCK, SOLON JUSTUS, Ph.D. (S.J.B.) Superintendent of the Minnesota Historical Society. Associate Professor of History in the University of Minnesota. Author of The Granger Movement; Illinois in 1818; The Agrarian Crusade; etc. Minnesota. BUCKLE, GEORGE EARLE, M.A., Hon.LL.D. (G.E.B.) Formerly Scholar of New College and Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford. Editor of The Times, 1884-1912. Author of Life of Disraeli (vols. 3, 4, 5, and 6). See the biographical article: BUCKLE, GEORGE EARLE. Asquith, H. H.; Balfour, A. J.; Carson, Sir Edward; Cecil, Lord Hugh; Cecil, Lord Robert; Churchill, Winston; Cramer, Lord; English History (1(113-21); Grey, 4th Earl; Grey, Vis- count; Haldane, Lord; Henderson, Arthur; Lansdowne, $th Marquess; Law, A. Bonar; Lloyd George, D.; Long, Lord; Lyttelton, Alfred; McKenna, Reginald; Milner, Viscount; Morley of Blackburn, Viscount; Rhondda, Viscount. BULKELEY- JOHNSON, CAPTAIN VIVIAN. (V.B.-J.) Entered Rifle Brigade, 1913. Served in France, 1914-5. G.H.Q., 1916. Aide-de-Camp to Governor-General of Canada, 1916-8. Officer of the War Cabinet, 1918-9. Air Ministry, 1919-21. Aeronautics (Control of Air Traffic). BURLS, GEORGE ARTHUR, M.Inst.C.E., M.Inst.Auto.Eng. (G.A.Bu.) Author, and Joint-author with Sir Dugald Clerk, of works on internal combustion engines. Internal Combustion Engines. BURNETT, SIR EDWARD NAPIER, K.B.E., M.D., F.R.C.S., F.R.C.P.(Edin.). (N.B.) Director of Hospital Services, Joint Council of the British Red Cross and the Order of St. John. Formerly Chairman, Hospitals Economy Com- mittee, War Office. Hospitals (United Kingdom); Medicine, International. BURNETT-HITCHCOCK, MAJOR-GENERAL BASH, FERGU- SON, C.B., D.S.p. (B.B.-H.) Director-General of Mobil- ization and Recruiting, War Office. Army (British); United Kingdom (Post War Army). BURPEE, LAWRENCE JOHNSTON. (L.J.B.) Secretary, Cana- dian Section, International Joint Commission. Formerly Librarian of the Ottawa Public Library. Author of Bibliogra- phy of Canadian Fiction; A Little Book of Canadian Essays; Century of Canadian Sonnets; etc. Canada (English Canadian Literature). BUTLER, HAROLD BERESFORD, C.B., M.A. (H.B.B.) Deputy- Director, International Labour Office, League of Nations. Formerly Principal Assistant Secretary, Ministry of Labour. Member of the British Delegation at the Peace Conference. International Labour Organization. BUTLER, NICHOLAS MURRAY, Ph.D., LL.D. (Cantab.), Jur.D., Hon.D.Litt.(Oxon.). (N.M.B.) See the biographical article: BUTLER, N. M. Columbia University; Education (United States, in part). CALLAHAN, JAMES MORTON, A.M., Ph.D. (J.M.C.*) Professor of History and Political Science and Dean of West Virginia University. Author of Neutrality of the American Lakes; Cuba and International Relations; History of West Virginia. West Virginia. CALLENDAR, HUGH LONGBOURNE, M.A., LL.D., C.B.E., F.R.S. (H.L.C.) Professor of Physics in the Imperial Col- lege of Science, South Kensington. Author of Properties of Steam; Thermodynamic Theory of Turbines. Heat. CALLWELL, MAJOR-GENERAL SIR CHARLES EDWARD, K.C.B. (C.E.C.) Director of Military Operations, War Office, 1914-6. Author of Small Wars; Military Operations and Maritime Preponderance; The Dardanelles; etc. Dardanelles Campaign; Kitchener, Lord; Staff, Military; Turkish Campaigns (Mesopotamia); Ypres-Yser, Battles of (Part III.). CANA, FRANK RICHARDSON, F.R.G.S. (F.R.C.) Editorial Staff, nth edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica. Editorial Staff of The Times. Author of South Africa from the Great Trek to the Union; Problems of Exploration; Africa; The Sahara in ipjj; The Great War in Europe; etc. Abyssinia; Africa; Angola; Belgian Congo; Cairo; Cameroon; Cape Province; Dahomey; Delagoa Bay; East African Mili- tary Operations; Egypt (in part); Eritrea; Gambia; German East Africa; German South-West Africa; Kenya Colony; Liberia; Mauritius; Merriman, J. X.; Natal; Nyasaland; Orange Free Stale; Portuguese East Africa; Rhodesia; Senussi; Sierra Leone; Somaliland; South Africa (in part); Sudan (in part); Suez Canal; Tanganyika Territory; Togoland; Trans- vaal; Tripoli; Uganda; Zanzibar. CANNY, GERALD BAIN, B.A. (G.B.C.) Assistant Secretary, Inland Revenue Department, Somerset House. Excess Profits Duty (United Kingdom). CARTER, A. CECIL (d. 1921). (A.C.CA.) Formerly Superin- tendent of Siamese Government Students at the Siamese Legation, London. Sometime Principal of King's College, Bangkok. Siam.

CARTER, REV. HENRY. (H.CA.) Member of British Central Licensing Control Board (Liquor Traffic), 1916-21. Author of The Control of the Drink Trade; The Church and the New Age; etc. Liquor Laws and Liquor Control (United Kingdom). The Initials in brackets indicate the Signatures adopted to distinguish the Contributors.