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Rh remnant of the Sudanese mutineers in 1900'1901. The year 1899 had been a costly one, £329,000 being voted in aid. In the autumn of 1899 Sir Harry Johnston was sent out as special commissioner to Uganda, being also given the rank of c0mmander-in-chief. By extensive reorganizations, and in spite of having to cope with a rising in Nandi, his commission resulted in the reduction of expenditure and increase of local revenue. He gave the kingdom of Buganda a definite constitution, settled the land question in the provinces of Buganda, Busoga, Unyoro, Toro and Ankole, and also the question of native taxation. By the treaty of Mengo, signed in March 1900, the young king of Buganda, Daudi Chwa, a son of Mwanga, born in 1896, was accorded the title of his Highness the Kabaka. During his minority the kingdom of Buganda was governed by regents. In 1900, the Uganda Protectorate was divided into six provinces, but in 1903 the Eastern and part of the Central provinces were transferred to the British East Africa. Protectorate.

In 1902 the Uganda railway, begun in 1896, was finished. Its terminus is at Kisumu (Port Florence) on Kavirondo Gulf, Victoria Nyanza. It is some 580 m. long, ascends in places to altitudes of 7000 and 8000 ft. (highest point 8300 ft.), but has only one tunnel. Its cost was about £5,300, o0o. (See .)

Colonel Sir James H. Sadler succeeded Sir Harry Johnston in 1902 and was transferred to East Africa in 1905. His place in Uganda was taken by Sir Henry Hesketh Bell, who was made the first governor of Uganda in 1906. The ravages of sleeping sickness between 1901 and 1909 destroyed upwards of a quarter of a million people, and the whole of the native population had to be removed from the lake shores and the Sese Islands; but nevertheless the protectorate continued to make steady progress in civilization and in the development of its material resources. Its transit trade, especially with the Belgian Congo, became of great importance. To facilitate commerce with the Congo and with the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and to open up the Busoga region the British government in 1910 voted money to build a railway from Iinja to Kakindu. The work was carried out under the superintendence of Captain H. E. S. Cordeaux, who became governor of the protectorate in 1910. .-J. H. Speke, Discovery of the Source of the Nile (1863); Sir H. M. Stanley, Through the Dark Continent (1878) and In Darkest Africa (1890); Sir Richard Burton, Lake Regions of Central Affrica (1860); Sir Samuel Baker, Albert Nyanza (1866); Em.n Pas a, Journals (1886 edition); C. Chaillé Long, Central Africa. Naked Truths of Naked People (1876); Colonel Gordon in Central Africa (1881), edited by G. B. Hill; C. T. Wilson and R. W. Felkin, Uganda and the Egyptian Sudan (1882); R. P. Ashe, Two Kings of Uganda (1889) and Chronicles of Uganda (1894), Sir H. Colvile, The Land of the Nile Springs (1895); P. Kollmann, The Victoria Nyanza (1899); Sir F. D. Lugard, The Rise of Our East African Empire (1893); G. F. Scott-Elliot, A Naturalist in lllid Africa (1896); Joseph Thomson, Through tllasai Land (1885); ]. Ansorge, Under the African Sun (1899); Count Telcki and Lieut. Hohnel, Discoveries of Lakes Rudolf and Stéphanie (1894); F. Stuhlmann, Mil Emin Pascha ins Herz von Afri/za (1894); Sir Harry Johnston, The Uganda Protectorate (1902); and The Nile Quest (1903); A. B. Thruston, African Incidents (1900); J. F. Cunningham, Uganda and its Peoples (1905); H. H. Austin, With Macdonald in Uganda (IQ03) and Among Swamps and Giants in Equatorial Africa (1902); Winston Churchill, lily African Journey (1908); Bishop Tucker, Eighteen Years in Uganda and East Africa (1908); articles on ethnology by the Rev. H. Roscoe in the Journal of the Royal Anthropologlical institute between 1909 and 1908; the duke of the Abruzzi, “ he Snows of the Nile, ” in The Geographical Journal (February 1907); De Filippi, Ruwenzori (1908); I. E. S. Moore, The Tanganyika Problem (1903), and To the Mountains of the Maori (1901); A. F. R. Wollaston, From Ruwenzori to the Congo (1908); Seymour Vandeleur, Campaigning on the Upper Nile and Niger (1898). (H. H. J.)

UGLICH, a town of Russia, in the government of Yaroslavl, on the upper Volga, 63 m. W. by S. of the. city of Yaroslavl. Pop., 9698. Its historical remains are mostly associated with Prince Dmitri, son of Ivan the Terrible, who was believed to have been murdered (1591) here by Boris Godunov. The wooden house (built in 1481, restored in 1892) which the prince occupied, a church of St Demetrius, erected at the spot where he was killed, and a kiosk on the site of a convent where his mother was forcibly consecrated a nun, are the principal memorials of this incident. The cathedral was erected in the 13th century, but subsequently restored, and contains the grave of Prince Roman. The industries include paper-mills, flour-mills, distilleries, copper works, tand linen factories; and the samovars (tea-urns) and sausages made here are famous.

The local annals go as far back as the 9th century. Until the 14th century Uglich was a separate principality, which extended over eastern Tver. In 1329 the sons of Prince Roman the Saint renounced their independence in favour of Moscow, and fifty years later the Uglich princes sold their rights to the great prince of Moscow. The Tatars plundered the town in 1237, 1293 and 1408, and the Lithuanians did the same at a later date.

UHDE, FRITZ KARL HERMANN VON (1848-      ), German painter, was born at Wolkenburg in Saxony. His artistic career, for which he studied first in Dresden, was interrupted for nearly ten years by military service, which included the two years of the Franco-German War, but in 1877 he again turned his attention to art, studying under Munkacsy in Paris and afterwards independently in Holland. His inclination was from the first directed towards religious subjects. He revived the practice of treating Biblical episodes realistically by transferring them to modern days. Thus in the &ldquo;Come, Lord Jesus, be our Guest,&rdquo; of the Berlin National Gallery, Christ appears among the peasant family assembled for their meal in a modern German farmhouse &ldquo;parlour,&rdquo; and in &ldquo;The Sermon on the Mount&rdquo; (Berlin, private collection) addresses a crowd of 19th century harvesters. Similar in conception are &ldquo;Suffer Little Children to come unto Me&rdquo; (Leipzig Museum), &ldquo;The Holy Night&rdquo; (Dresden Gallery), &ldquo;The Last Supper,&rdquo; &ldquo;The Journey to Bethlehem&rdquo; (Munich Pinakothek) and &ldquo;The Miraculous Draught of Fishes.&rdquo; Other works of his in public collections are: &ldquo;Saying Grace,&rdquo; at the Luxembourg in Paris; &ldquo;Christ at Emmaus,&rdquo; at the Staedel Institute, Frankfort; &ldquo;The Farewell of Tobias,&rdquo; at the Liechtenstein Gallery, Vienna; and a portrait of the actor Wohlmuth, at the Christiania Museum. Von Uhde became professor and honorary member of the academies of Munich, Dresden and Berlin.

UHLAND, JOHANN LUDWIG (1787-1862), German poet, was born at Tübingen on the 26th of April 1787. He studied jurisprudence at the university of his native place, but also devoted much time to medieval literature. Having graduated as a doctor of laws in 1810, he went for some months to Paris; and from 1812 to 1814 he worked at his profession in Stuttgart, in the bureau of the minister of justice. He had begun his career as a poet in 1807 and 1808 by contributing ballads and lyrics to L. von Seckendorff's Musenalmanach; and in 1812 and 1813 he wrote poems for J. Kerner's Poetischer Almanach and Deutscher Dichterwald. In 1815 he collected his poems in a volume entitled Gedichte, which almost immediately secured a wide circle of readers. To almost every new edition he added some fresh poems. He wrote two dramatic works &mdash; Ernst, Herzog von Schwaben and Ludwig der Baier &mdash; the former published in 1818, the latter in 1819. These, however, are unimportant in comparison with his Gedichte. As a lyric poet, Uhland must be classed with the writers of the romantic school, for, like them, he found in the middle ages the subjects which appealed most strongly to his imagination. But his style has a precision, suppleness and grace which sharply distinguish his most characteristic writings from those of the romantic poets. Uhland wrote manly poems in defence of freedom, and in the states assembly of Württemberg he played a distinguished part as one of the most vigorous and consistent of the liberal members. In 1829 he was made extraordinary professor of German literature at the university of Tübingen, but he resigned this appointment in 1833, when it was found to be incompatible with his political views. In 1848 he became a member of the Frankfort parliament.

Uhland was not only a poet and politician; he was also an ardent student of the history of literature. In 1812 he published an interesting essay on Das altfranzösische Epos; and ten years afterwards this was followed by an admirable work on Walther von der Vogelweide. He was also the author of an elaborate