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 d. Orthosilicates, R″2SiO4. Nepheline .... K2Na6Al8Si9O34 .... H5 Sodalite .... Na4(AlCl)A1 < »o.>  C Lazurite] .... Na4(Na5a.Al)Ala(S10a)s C (Lapis-lazuli) Grossularite]  Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 .... C (Cinnamon-stone)-Pyrope Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 C Almandine    Fe3Al2(SiO4)a. C Andradite]   Ca3Fe2(SiO4)s  C (Demantoid) Olivine .... (Mg, Fe)2SiO4 O (Chrysolite, Peridot) Phenacite .... Be2SiO4   R4 Willemite .... Zn2SiO4 .... R4 Dioptase         R4 - M H4 6 ls 25 Scapolite - - - 'inNa A1 si 0 c11r ° ' T3 Vesuvianite    H2Ca5(Al, Fe)3Si5O1g   T Zircon .. ZrSiO4. .. T (Hyacinth, jacinth, jargoon) Thorite .... ThSiO4   T Danburite. .. CaB2(SiO4)2   O Topaz    [Al(F, OH)]2SiO4   O Andalusite. Al2SiO5    O Sillimanite. .Al2SiO5   O Cyanite   Al2SiO5   A Datolite   HCaBSiO5     M Euclase   HBeAlSiO5 .. . M Zoisite Ca2(AlOH)Al2(SiO4)3   O Epidote   Ca2(AlOH) (Al, Fe)2(SiO4)3  M Axinite   HCa3BAl2(SiOi)4    A Prehnite    HzCa2Al2(SlO4)3    O2 e. Subsilicates. Humite ... Mg5[Mg(F, OH)]2(SiO4);¢ O Hemimorphite   H2Zn2SiO5 .... O2 Tourmaline   (H2, Na2, Mg)3(Al, Fe)6(BOH)4 (Rubellite) Si O38. ... R2 Staurolite. HFeAl5Si2O|3. O B. Hydrous Silicates Apophyllite   H1KCa4(SiO3)@+4%H2O. T Heulandite   H4CaAl2(SiO3). +3H2O  M Phillipsite    (K2, Ca)Al2(SiO3)4+4H2O  M Harmotome   H2(Kz|Ba)Al2(SiO3)5-|-5H2O M Stilbite    § CaAl2(SiOa)c+6H2O   M Chabazite    Ca, Na2)Al2(SiO4)2-I-4H2O, &c R Analcite   NaAl(SiO3)2-l-H20    C Natrolite   Na2Al2Si3Oio'|'2H2O    O Scolecite   CaAl2Sl3O10+3H2O ri Muscovite    H2KAl3(SiO.i)3     M Lepidolite    KLi[Al(OH, F)2]Al(SiOs)a  M Biotite   (H, K)2(Mg, Fe)2Al2(SiO4)3, &c.M Phlogopite   [H, K, (MgF)]:ilVlgaAl(SiO4)3 M Clintonite    H2(Fe, Mg)Al2SiO7, &c.   M Chlorite    H (Mg, Fe)5Al2Si3O1a &c.  M Serpentine   HiMg3Si2O9 ..   M Talc     H2Mg3(SiOa)4     M Meerschaum    H4Mg2S1301D   Amorphous Kaolin .   H4Al2Si2O9     M (Bole, Clay) Pyrophyllite    HAl(SiO3)2     M? Allophane    Al2SiO5+5H2O  Amorphous Chrysocolla    CuSiO3+2H2O,, C. Titano-silicates, Titanates Sphene .  CaTiSiO5     M Perofskite    CaTiO3   Pseudo-C 3. Niobates, TANTALATES. Columbite    (Fe, Mn)(Nb, Ta)¢O5    O 4. PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, &c A. Anhydrous Phosphates, &'c. Monazite. (Ce, La, Di)PO4   M Beryllonite    NaBePO4. O Apatite   [Ca(F, Cl)]Cai(PO4)3  H2 (Phosphorite) Pyromorphite  (PbCi)Pb4(PO4)3    H2 = Minietite    (PbCl)Pb4(AsO4)a    H2 Vanadinite    (PbCl)Pb4(VO4)a    H2 Amblygonite    Li(AlF)PO4     A B. Basic Phosphates, &c. Olivenite Descloizite Clinoclasite C. Hydrous Phosphates, &c. Vivianite. . Erythrite Annabergite Wavellite. . Cu2(OH)AsO4   O (Pb, Zn)2(OH)VO4    O CU3(OH)3ASO4   M Fe3(PO4)2'l'8H2O    M CO3(ASO4)2+8H2O    M Ni3(AsO4)2+8H2O    M Al3(OH)s(PO4)2“l'4iH2O  O Turquoise. [Al(OH)2, Cu(OH), H]3PO4Amorph. Pharmacosiderite Fe3(OH)3A5O¢  C2 Childrenite    (Fe, lVln)Al(OH)2PO4-{-H20 O Liroconite ... CU3Al4<OH)15(ASO4)5+2OH2O M Torbernite   Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2+ I2H2O   T Autunite    Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2+I2H2O  O

5. BORATES. Boracite  Mg7Cl2B15O30   Pseudo-C2 Colemanite Ca2B5O1, -|-5HzO  .. Borax

6.Nitrates

7. Sulphates and Chromates

8. Tungstates, Molybdates Wolframite (Fe,Mn)WO4 Scheelite CaWO4 Wulfenite PbMoO4

VII.—HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS. 1. . Hatchettine, Ozocerite..

2. . Amber, Retinite, Copaline, Bathvillite, Dopplerite.

3. . Petroleum, Asphaltum, Bitumen, Elaterite, Albertite, Coal, Anthracite, Jet, Lignite

.—Elementary introductions to the study of minerals are: E. S. Dana, Minerals and how to study them (New York, 1895); A. J. Moses and C. L Parsons, Elements of Mineralogy, Crystallography and Blowpipe Analysis from a Practical Standpoint (4th ed., New York, 1909); L. Fletcher, An Introduction to the Study of Minerals (British Museum Guide-book). A larger work on popular lines is: R. Brauns, The Mineral Kingdom, Eng. trans. by L. J. Spencer (Stuttgart, 1908, &c). Textbooks for students are: H. A. Miers, Mineralogy, an Introduction to the Scientific Study of Minerals (London, 1902); E. S. Dana, Textbook of Mineralogy 3rd ed., New York, 1898); and in German: C. F. Naumann, Elemente der Mineralogie (15th ed., by F. Zirkel, Leipzig, 1907); G. Tschermak, Lehrbuch der Mineralogie (6th ed., Vienna, 1905). The standard works of reference for descriptive mineralogy are: J. D. Dana, System of Mineralogy (6th ed., by E. S. Dana, New York, 1892); C. Hintze, Handbuch der Mineralogie (Leipzig, 1898, &c.), the latter gives full details respecting the localities of minerals; P. Groth, Chemische Krystallographie (Leipzig, 1906, &c).

For special branches of mineralogy reference may be made to the following works: R. Brauns, Chemische Mineralogie (Leipzig, 1896); H. Roseubusch, Mikroskopische Physiographie der Mineralien und Gesteine, Band I, Die petrographisch-wichtigen Mineralien, 4th ed., by H. Rosenbusch and E. A. Wülfing (Stuttgart, 1904-1905); J. P. Iddings, Rock Minerals (New York, 1906); P. Groth, Tabellarische Ubersicht der Mineralien (4th ed., Braunschweig, 1898); G. P. Merrill, The Non-metallic Minerals, their Occurrence and Uses (New York, 1904); G. J. Brush, Manual of Determinative Mineralogy (16th ed., by S. Pentield, New York, 1903); M. Bauer, Edelsteinkunde (2nd ed., Leipzig, 1909), and Eng. trans. Precious Stones, by L. J. Spencer (London, 1904).

The more important topographical works are: R. P. Greg and N. G. Lettsom, Manual of the Mineralogy of Great Britain and Ireland (London, 1858); J. H. Collins, Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon (Truro, 1871); M. F. Heddle, Mineralogy of Scotland (2 vols., Edinburgh, 1901); A. Lacroix, Minéralogie de la France et de ses colonies (3 vols., Paris, 1893, &c.); O. Luedecke, Die Minerale des Harzes (Berlin, 1896); A. Frenzel, Mineralogisches Lexicon für das Königreich Sachsen (Leipzig, 1874); A. Kenngott, Die Minerale der Schweiz (Leipzig, 1866); V. von Zepharovich, Mineralogisches Lexicon für das Kaiserthum Österreich (3 vols., Vienna, 1859-1893); N. von Koksharov, Materalien zur Mineralogie Russlands (11 vols., St Petersburg, 1853-1882); T. Wada, Minerals of Japan (Tokyo, 1904); A. Liversidge, The Minerals of New South Wales, &c. (London, 1888); O. B. Böggild, Mineralogia Groenlandica (Copenhagen, 1905); A Catalogue of American [U.S.A. and Canada] Localities of Minerals is given in Dana's System of Mineralogy.

The following scientific journals are devoted to mineralogy: Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, &c. (Stuttgart, since 1807); Tschermaks Mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen (Vienna, since 1872); The Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society (London, since 1876); Zeitschrift für