Page:Dubin v. United States.pdf/1

(Slip Opinion)

(a) This case turns on the scope of two of §1028A(a)(1)’s elements: Dubin was convicted under §1028A(a)(1) for “us[ing]” a patient’s means of identification “in relation to” healthcare fraud. On the Government’s view, a defendant “uses” a means of identification “in relation to” a predicate offense if the defendant employs that means of identification to facilitate or further the predicate offense in some way.