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290 290 PAWNEE SLAVES. that the Sioux were the ones who captured them, as from all accounts these two tribes were eternally at war; in fact it appears that the hand of every tribe was raised aj^ainst them, but they held their own as long, if not longer than any other tribe. In 1719 a French lieutenant named Dutione was among this people and says: "I was well received among the Osages. Having explained my intention of going to the Paneoussas (Pawnees), they answered me well in everything that regarded themselves, but opposed my going among the Panis; so I proposed that they let me take three guns for myself and- interpreter, to which they consented. In four days I was among the Panis, where I was badly received, owing to the fact that the Osages had made them beUeve that our intention was to entrap them and make them slaves. On that account they twice raised the tomahawk above me, but when they learned the falsehoods of the Osages, and saw the bravery which I showed them when they threatened me, brutal as these men are, they consented to make an alliance, and treated me very well. I traded them my three guns, some powder, pick axes and a few knives for two horses and a mule, marked with a Spanish brand. I pro- posed to them to let me pass through to the Padou- cahs. To this they were much opposed, as they are deadly enemies." Government Surveyor McCoy teUs some of his experiences with the early Indians of Kansas. He was running lines in 1829. The paper from which the following is copied is in the archives of the Ksm- sas State Historical Society at Topeka: "On our way