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 1884. The second edition of the volume on War contained (pp. xix–xliv) 'An Introductory Juridical Review of the Results of Recent Wars' and an Appendix (pp. 511–608) of Treaties and other documents—the Congress of Paris, 1856 (pp. 511–18), the Declaration of Paris, 1856 (pp. 518–23) ; the Convention of Geneva, 1864 (pp. 524–36); the Convention of Geneva, 1868 (pp. 536–57); the Declaration of St. Petersburg, 1868, 'relative à l'interdiction des balles explosibles en temps de guerre' (pp. 557–61); Protocols of the Conferences of London, 1871 (pp. 561–78); Treaty of London, 1871 (pp. 578–89); Convention of London between Russia and Turkey, 1871 (pp. 589–93); the Foreign Enlistment Act, 1870 (pp. 594–608).

A very fine tribute is rendered to Grotius in the Introduction to the first volume. 'It was an apt remark on the part of his Excellency Kuo-Taj-in, the first Envoy-Extraordinary and Minister-Plenipotentiary accredited from China to the Court of St. James, that he found the European Law of Nations to be a "very young Law"; but he also observed that since the age of Grotius wars had been less frequent in Europe, and less sanguinary.' The concluding words must now be summarily dismissed. But the appreciation by Sir Travers Twiss himself is still valid. The treatise of Grotius, he tells us, was subjected to much opposition during its author's life-time, and both in England and on the Continent there have been critics who have objected to both the method and the doctrine of Grotius. They have maintained that the maxims which he inculcates as founded on the equality of nations 'went to destroy the three cardinal principles of the Civil Law, often quoted as "the Ulpianic precepts", to wit, "Honeste vivere, Alterum non