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 who took Winwood's part in the quarrel, asked Bacon what was its cause, he answered ‘Madam, I can say no more than that he is proud, and I am proud’ (, Court of James I, i. 283; Chamberlain to Carleton, 5 July 1617; State Papers, Dom. James I, xcii. 88). Finally the king reconciled the two men, and said that Winwood had never spoken to him to any man's prejudice—a strong testimony in his favour.

In July 1603 Winwood married Elizabeth, daughter and coheiress of Nicholas Ball of Totnes, and stepdaughter of Sir Thomas Bodley, who had married the lady's mother in 1587. By patents dated in 1615 and 1617 he was granted by James I for himself and his heirs male the office of keeper of ‘the capital, messuage, and park of Ditton’ in Buckinghamshire. On 24 Feb. 1629–1630 the widow Lady Winwood purchased a grant in fee of Ditton Park, and in 1632 her son Richard bought Ditton Manor. Winwood left three sons and two daughters, all minors at the date of his death. The eldest surviving son, Richard (1603–1688), who became owner of Ditton Park and Manor, was elected M.P. for New Windsor in 1641, April 1660, 1678–9, 1679, 1681. A daughter Anne married, in 1633, Edward Montagu, second baron Montagu. Her son, Ralph Montagu (afterwards first Duke of Montagu) [q. v.], inherited her brother Richard's estate of Ditton on his death without issue in 1688.

A portrait of Winwood by Van Miereveldt is in the National Portrait Gallery, London.

Winwood amassed a vast official correspondence and many documents of state, which passed to his grandson, the Duke of Montagu. The greater part of it is now at Montagu House, London, in the library of the Duke of Buccleuch; it includes a few papers anterior and posterior to Winwood's official career. In 1725 Edmund Sawyer published in London (3 vols. folio) an imperfect selection from Winwood's papers, together with extracts from the papers of Winwood's contemporaries, Sir Henry Neville, Sir Charles Cornwallis, Sir Dudley Carleton, Sir Thomas Edmonds, William Trumbull (d. 1635), and Francis (afterwards Lord) Cottington. Sawyer's work bore the title: ‘Memorials of Affairs of State in the Reigns of Queen Elizabeth and King James I, collected chiefly from the Original Papers of the right honourable Sir Ralph Winwood, knight, sometime one of the principal Secretaries of State.’ The letters printed by Sawyer begin in 1590 and end in 1614, before Winwood became secretary of state. Sawyer's first paper belonging to the Winwood collection is dated in 1600. The whole extant Winwood collection at Montagu House is calendared in the historical manuscripts commissioners' report on the manuscripts of the Duke of Buccleuch, vol. i. (1899). Some of the papers printed by Sawyer are missing, but a vast number of Winwood's letters, which Sawyer omitted, are noticed in the report.

[Introduction to Report on the Manuscripts of the Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry, 1899 (Hist. MSS. Comm.); Chalmers's Dictionary; Wood's Athenæ Oxon.; Bloxam's Register of Members of Magdalen Coll. Oxford, 1873, pp. 210 seq.; Spedding's Letters and Life of Bacon, 1890, vols. ii–vii.; Gardiner's Hist. of England (1603–42), 1883, vols. i–ii.; Motley's Hist. of United Netherlands, 1876, vol. iv.; Granger's Biogr. Hist. of England; Lloyd's Worthies.] 

WINZET, WINYET, or WINGATE, NINIAN (1518–1592), Scottish controversialist, was born in Renfrew in 1518. Families of the same name held property and rented lands in Glasgow and the vicinity. He was educated at the university of Glasgow, according to Mackenzie (Lives and Characters of the most Eminent Writers of the Scots Nation, 1708–22, iii. 148), and Ziegelbauer (Historia Rei Literariæ Ordinis S. Benedicti, iii. 360, 361, Augsburg and Würzburg, 1754); but the registers of Glasgow in 1537 give the name of ‘William Windegait,’ who became a bachelor, then master, of arts in 1539, and remained at the university till 1552 in a subordinate capacity and as assistant to the rector. William probably changed his name to Ninian (Certain Tractates, vol. i. Introd. pp. xii–xvi, xliv, xcviii, ed. Hewison, 1888, Scottish Text Soc.) when he was ordained priest in 1540. Winzet was appointed master of the grammar school of Linlithgow in 1551–2, and subsequently provost of the collegiate church of St. Michael there. He remained a staunch supporter of the old order during the Reformation era, and being an independent thinker, with feelings and views very similar to those of the ‘old catholic’ school of this century, tried to stem the reformation of the church from within.

The arrival of Knox in 1559 moved Winzet to dispute face to face with the reformer ‘afor the haill court,’ and to write polemics on the questions then at issue, which he afterwards collected into ‘The Buke of Four Scoir Thre Questions.’ In the summer of 1561 Winzet was ejected from his office for refusing to sign the protestant confession of faith. He loitered about Queen Mary's catholic court, and issued from the press at Edinburgh in May 1562