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 engagement ended on 24 March 1850. While at Bath he wrote articles for the ‘British Quarterly’ on Schleiermacher and Savonarola, and projected (March 1849) his work on the mystics.

Accepting a call from Ebenezer Chapel, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, he was ordained there on 8 Sept. 1850. The chapel was too large for his physical powers; he suffered from ill-health in the winter of 1851–2, and he overworked himself in his study. He was learning Spanish and Dutch (being already at home in French, German, and Italian) to gain access to the writings of mystics, and was contributing constantly to the ‘British Quarterly.’ In the autumn of 1854 he visited Glasgow, but declined a call to succeed Ralph Wardlaw [q. v.] He returned home ill, and was laid by for two months with pleurisy. In the spring of 1855 symptoms of pulmonary disease were apparent; he resigned his charge, preaching his last sermon on 24 June. In August he put to press his ‘Hours with the Mystics,’ published in March 1856, 2 vols. 8vo; an enlarged edition appeared in 1860, edited by his father; a third edition in 1880, edited by his son, Wycliffe Vaughan.

As designed by himself, this series of dialogues, interspersed with studies in narrative form, was meant as a prelude to further work on the whole history of the church; it has proved an introduction, of singular attractiveness and great permanent value, to a class of writers and thinkers never before presented to the English mind in such lifelike tints. The range of the survey is very wide, and the accuracy remarkable; the power of selection and ease of compression exhibit equal grasp and skill, and the setting of the sketches is delightful.

The brief remainder of his life was that of an invalid at Bournemouth, St. John's Wood, and Westbourne Park, London. Yet he was hard at work with his pen, contributing articles to ‘Fraser's Magazine’ (‘Art and History,’ October 1857) as well as to the ‘British Quarterly.’ He died at 19 Alexander Street, Westbourne Park, on 26 Oct. 1857. About 1848 he married the only child of James Finlay of Newcastle-on-Tyne. The portrait prefixed to his ‘Essays and Remains,’ 1858, 2 vols. 8vo, shows a noble forehead and a flowing mass of curly hair. As preacher his nearsightedness forbade him to use manuscript, nor could he commit to memory what he had written; the quiet grace of his manner accorded with the ‘rhythmical sweetness’ of his spoken discourse. His conversation was buoyant and full of a quaint humour. His sympathies were catholic; in his essays on imaginative literature, and on phases of thought and action, he is less the critic than the communicator of his own keen enjoyment of his themes. Some of his letters will be found in ‘Positive Religion,’ 1857, 12mo, edited by Edward White.

[Funeral Sermon, by Stallybrass, 1857; Memoir, by his father, prefixed to Essays and Remains, 1858, also separately, 1864 (enlarged); Biogr. Sketch by J. B. Paton in the Eclectic Review, September 1858; Sibree and Caston's Independency in Warwickshire, 1855, p. 185; Urwick's Nonconformity in Worcester, 1897, p. 205.]  VAUGHAN, ROGER WILLIAM BEDE (1834–1883), catholic archbishop of Sydney, born at Courtfield, near Ross, Herefordshire, on 9 Jan. 1834, was the younger brother of Cardinal Vaughan, being the second son of Colonel John Francis Vaughan of Courtfield, by his first wife, Elizabeth Louisa, daughter of John Rolls of the Hendre, Monmouthshire. At the age of six he was sent to a boarding-school at Monmouth, and in 1851 he entered the Benedictine College of St. Gregory at Downside, near Bath. There he received the Benedictine habit on 12 Sept. 1853, and took the solemn vows of religion on 5 Oct. 1854. Afterwards he was sent to Rome to prosecute his theological studies in the abbey of St. Paul extra muros. He was ordained priest by Cardinal Patrizi on 9 April 1859. On his return to England he was placed in charge of the mission at Downside. In November 1861 he was nominated to the professorship of metaphysics and moral philosophy at St. Michael's Priory, Belmont, near Hereford. In July 1862 he was appointed principal of the same priory of St. Michael under the title of cathedral prior of the diocesan chapter of Newport and Menevia. He held the office of prior until his appointment by Pius IX to the titular archbishopric of Nazianzus, as coadjutor, cum jure successionis, to John Bede Polding [q. v.], first archbishop of Sydney, New South Wales. He was consecrated at Liverpool on 9 March 1873 by Cardinal Manning. On the death of Dr. Polding on 16 March 1877 he entered into full possession of the metropolitan see of Sydney, and he was solemnly invested with the pallium on 13 Jan. 1878. Leaving Australia for a visit to England in 1883, he arrived at Liverpool on 16 Aug., proceeded on the following day to his uncle's at Ince Blundell Hall, Lancashire, where he died suddenly of disease of the heart on 18 Aug. 1883. He was buried in the church at Ince Blundell Hall.

Vaughan was an eloquent preacher and lec-