Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 57.djvu/449

 works at Calais. He represented Essex in the parliaments of 1417 and 1419 and in the first parliament of 1421, and in those of 1422, 1425, 1427, 1429, 1431, 1433, and 1437. In 1423 he was appointed sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire. In the parliament of 1427 he was elected speaker of the House of Commons, and was again nominated to the same dignity in 1431 (Rolls of Parl. iv. 317, 368). On 9 March 1430–1 he was appointed by the king to attend him as one of his council in France, and on 23 April he was allowed pay for two men-at-arms and nine archers (, Acts of the Privy Council, iv. 82, 84). On 1 March 1431–2 he was acting as treasurer of the war in France, and on 13 July he is styled treasurer of the king's household (ib. pp. 109, 121). In April 1434 he took part in a great council held at Westminster by the Duke of Gloucester (ib. p. 212), and in 1437 he was chosen speaker of the lower house for the third time (Rolls of Parl. iv. 496). In March, however, he was compelled by illness to retire, and he was succeeded as speaker by William Burley [q. v.] Tyrrel died before 1 Sept. 1437 (Cal. Inquis. post mort. iv. 181). He was married to Eleanor, who was second daughter of Sir William de Coggeshall of Little Coggeshall Hall. He was succeeded in his estate by his son, Sir Thomas Tyrrell (d. 1476). Another son, William, was father of Sir James Tyrrell [q. v.], the alleged murderer of the princes in the Tower.

[Visitation of Essex, Harl. Soc.; Manning's Lives of the Speakers, 1850, pp. 77–9; Nicolas's Hist. of the Battle of Agincourt, 1832, p. 385; Rotuli Normanniæ, 1835, p. 348; Morant's Hist. of Essex, passim.] 

TYRRELL, THOMAS (1594–1672), judge, third son of Sir Edward Tyrrell of Thornton, Buckinghamshire, by his second wife, Margaret, third daughter of John Aston of Aston, Cheshire, relict of Timothy Egerton of Walgrave, Northamptonshire, was born in 1594. His great-grandfather, Humphrey Tyrrell, who acquired the manor of Thornton by marriage, belonged to the Essex family [see ]. His eldest brother, Sir Timothy Tyrrell of Oakley, Buckinghamshire, master of the buckhounds to Charles I, died in 1633, leaving a son, Sir Timothy Tyrrell, who was governor of Cardiff under Lord Gerard in 1645 (, Diary, Camden Soc. p. 217).

Tyrrell was admitted in November 1612 a member of the Inner Temple, where he was called to the bar in 1621 and elected a bencher in 1659. On the passing of the militia ordinance he accepted from Lord Paget, 11 May 1642, the office of deputy lieutenant of Buckinghamshire, in which he was continued by Lord Wharton [see, fifth , and , fourth ]. First as captain and afterwards as colonel of horse, he served under Bedford and Essex. His regiment bore the brunt of the severe fighting before Lostwithiel on 21 Aug. 1644. He was one of the committee for Aylesbury, for which borough he stood for parliament in 1645, but was not elected. He was also one of the commissioners appointed by ordinance of 1656 (c. 12) to assess the proportion of the Spanish war tax leviable upon the county of Buckingham. The same year (22 Dec.) a petition from the tenants of his manor of Hanslope in that county, charging him with certain invasions of their customary rights and other misfeasances, was read in parliament and dismissed, on the ground that the proper remedy was by action at law. In the parliament of 1659–1660 he represented Aylesbury, and in the former year was sworn (4 June) joint commissioner with John Bradshaw (1602–1659) [q. v.] and John Fountaine [q. v.] of the great seal for the term of five months, and voted serjeant-at-law (16 June). On 18 Jan. 1659–1660 he was reconstituted, with Fountaine and Sir Thomas Widdrington [q. v.], joint commissioner of the great seal, which in the interval had been held successively by Bulstrode Whitelocke and William Lenthall. By the Convention parliament, in which Tyrrell sat for Buckinghamshire, a fourth commissioner—Edward Montagu, second earl of Manchester, speaker of the House of Lords—was added on 5 May. The seal remained in the custody of the commissioners until 28 May, when they surrendered it to the speaker of the House of Commons. At Clarendon's instance Tyrrell was confirmed in the status of serjeant-at-law (4 July), knighted (16 July), appointed justice of the common pleas (27 July), and placed on the commission for the trial of the regicides, in which, however, he seems to have taken no active part. He was present at the meeting of the judges held at Serjeants' Inn on 28 April 1666 to discuss the several points of law involved in Lord Morley's case. He was a member of the court of summary jurisdiction established in 1667 to try causes between owners and occupiers of lands and tenements in the districts ravaged by the fire of London (18 & 19 Car. II, c. 7). In recognition of his services in this capacity the corporation of London caused his portrait to be painted by Michael Wright and placed in the Guildhall (1671).

Tyrrell died on 8 March 1671–2 at his seat,