Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 57.djvu/419

 George Turberville [q. v.], but the latter's version is extant, and is quite different and much superior.

Six anthems by Tye—‘I will exalt Thee,’ ‘Sing unto the Lord,’ ‘I lift my heart,’ and the Deus Misereatur in three sections—were printed in Barnard's ‘Selected Church Musick,’ 1641. The first two are scored in Boyce's ‘Cathedral Music.’ Page's ‘Harmonia Sacra’ contains ‘From the depths,’ which was reprinted by the Motet Society. Rimbault, in ‘Cathedral Music,’ printed an evening service from the Ely MSS.; no morning service by Tye is known.

Burney scored and published the Gloria of Tye's ‘Euge bone’ mass; Hullah reprinted it in his ‘Vocal Scores,’ and performed it at St. Martin's Hall. The entire mass was published by Mr. G. E. P. Arkwright in 1894.

Unpublished works by Tye are in manuscript at Buckingham Palace, the British Museum, at Oxford in the Bodleian Library, the Music School, and Christ Church, at Peterhouse, Cambridge, and the libraries of Ely and other cathedrals. They include a mass on the song ‘Western Wind, why dost thou blow?’ with the masses by John Shepherd (fl. 1550) and John Taverner (fl. 1530) on the same theme, in British Museum Addit. MSS. 17802–5; another mass at Peterhouse; a Passion according to John, specimens of which were printed in the ‘Overture,’ May 1893, and about seventy other works, almost all sacred.

Tye's finest work is to be found in his ‘Actes of the Apostles’ and his anthems; in ‘I will exalt Thee’ and ‘Sing unto the Lord’ he produced compositions which remain as beautiful as when they were written. He succeeded in avoiding the harshnesses, especially the unpleasant false relations which mar very many of the best works in the polyphonic style. His mass, ‘Euge bone,’ though distinguished rather by scientific skill than expressive beauty (Kirchenmusikalisches Jahrbuch, Ratisbon, 1897), is a fine example of contrapuntal writing. Both protestant and catholic reformers had insisted on greater attention being paid by the composers of sacred music to distinctness of the words than had hitherto been the case; and the avoidance of needless complication which ensued was exactly what was required to perfect the polyphonic style. The music of Taverner, Tye's senior by a very few years, is scarcely known even to antiquaries; but the anthems of Tye have always remained in use, and hymn-tunes founded on his ‘Actes of the Apostles’ are known throughout England and Scotland. Burney accurately wrote of Tye, ‘Perhaps as good a poet as Sternhold, and as great a musician as Europe could then boast.’ No personal memorial of Tye remains, except his autograph signature to some articles presented by Cox to the clergy of Ely. It is facsimiled in Arkwright's edition of the Mass ‘Euge bone.’

[The biographical notice prefixed to G. E. P. Arkwright's edition of the mass ‘Euge bone’ contains all the known facts concerning Tye and his family, with full extracts from documents and a list of compositions complete except five pieces in Baldwin's MS. at Buckingham Palace. See also Wood's Fasti Oxonienses, col. 799; Warton's Hist. of English Poetry, sect. 47, 60; Cooper's Athenæ Cantabrigienses, i. 309, 559; Hawkins's Hist. of Music, c. 95; Burney's Hist. ii. 564–6, 589, iii. 10–13; Grove's Dict. of Music and Musicians, i. 70, iii. 272, iv. 196, 474, 805; Nagel's Geschichte der Musik in England, ii. 61; Davey's Hist. of English Music, pp. 140, 144.]  TYERMAN, DANIEL (1773–1828), missionary, was born on 19 Nov. 1773 at Clack farm, near Osmotherly in Yorkshire, where his parents had resided for some time. In 1790 he obtained employment in London. Coming under strong religious convictions, he entered Hoxton Academy in 1795 to prepare himself for the congregational ministry. In 1798 he became minister at Cawsand in Cornwall, and thence removed to Wellington in Somerset. About 1804 he officiated for a short time at Southampton, and afterwards settled at Newport in the Isle of Wight. There he was one of the first projectors of the town reading-rooms, and filled the office of secretary of the Isle of Wight Bible Society. In 1821 Tyerman and George Bennet of Sheffield were appointed by the London Missionary Society to visit their southern stations. They sailed from London on 2 May in the whaler Tuscan, and, proceeding round Cape Horn, visited Tahiti, the Leeward and Sandwich Islands, and other mission stations in the South Seas. In 1824 they visited New South Wales, and on the way narrowly escaped from the Maoris of New Zealand. From Sydney, in September 1824, they sailed through the Torres Straits to Java, and thence to Singapore, Canton, and Calcutta. At Serampore, on 3 May 1826, they met the venerable William Carey (1761–1834) [q. v.], who received them with much kindness. After visiting Benares, they sailed to Madras, and thence to Goa. From India they voyaged in 1827 to Mauritius and Madagascar, where the missions were firmly established under King Radama. On 30 July 1828 Tyerman, whose health had given way under the climate of southern India, died at