Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 57.djvu/331

 Dodd, ‘had a great esteem for him, and consulted him in all matters of moment’ (Church Hist. iii. 302). He died in Holborn, London, on 20 Feb. 1677–8 (Palatine Note-book, iii. 104, 175).

His works are: 1. ‘An Abridgment of Christian Doctrine, catechistically explained by way of question and answer. By H. T.’ [Douai], 1649, 1671, and 1676, 8vo; Basle, 1680, 12mo; London, 1734 and 1788, 12mo; Belfast, 1821, 12mo; revised by James Doyle, D.D., Dublin, 1827 and 1828, 16mo. 2. ‘A Manuel of Controversies; clearly demonstrating the truth of Catholique Religion, by texts of Holy Scripture, &c., and fully answering the objections of Protestants and all other Sectaries,’ Douai, 1654 and 1671, 8vo; London, 1686, 12mo. This elicited replies from John Tombes, Henry Hammond, and William Thomas, bishop of Worcester.

[Dodd's Certamen utriusque Ecclesiæ; Jones's Popery Tracts, p. 485; Tablet, 13 March 1886, p. 419; Bodleian Cat.]  TURBERVILLE or TURBERVYLE, JAMES (d. 1570?), bishop of Exeter, born at Bere in Dorset, was the son of John Turbervyle, by his wife Isabella, daughter of John Cheverell. John was the grandson of Sir Robert Turbervyle of Bere and Anderston (d. 6 Aug. 1424). James was educated at Winchester College, and in 1512 was elected fellow of New College, Oxford, whence he graduated B.A. on 17 June 1516 and M.A. on 26 June 1520. He graduated D.D. abroad, but was incorporated on 1 June 1532. From 1521 to 1524 he filled the office of 'tabellio' or registrar to the university. In 1529 he resigned his fellowship, being then promoted to an ecclesiastical benefice, and in 1541 he became rector of Hartfield in Sussex. At an unknown date he was made a prebendary of Winchester, and on 8 Sept. 1555 he was consecrated bishop of Exeter as successor to John Voysey [q. v.] According to a contemporary, John Hooker, alias Vowell [q. v.], his episcopate was disfigured by an execution 'for religion and heresie,' that of Agnes Pirest, burned at Southampton.

In Elizabeth's first parliament he opposed the bill for restoring tenths and first-fruits to the crown, as well as other anti-papal measures. Finally, in 1559, he declined the oath of supremacy, and in consequence was deprived, a fresh congé d'élire being issued on 27 April 1560. On 4 Dec. 1559 he joined the other deprived prelates in a letter of remonstrance, and on 18 June 1560 he was committed for a short time to the Tower (cf. Corresp. of Matthew Parker, Parker Soc., 1853, p. 122). He was afterwards placed in the custody of Edmund Grindal [q. v.], bishop of London, and liberated by order of the privy council on 30 Jan. 1564-5 on his finding sureties for his good behaviour (Acts of the Privy Council, ed. Dasent, vii. 190). The rest of his life was passed in retirement, and he died at liberty, it is said, in 1570. Richard Izacke [q. v.] erroneously asserts that he died on 1 Nov. 1559 (Antiquities of the City of Exeter, 1677).

[Vowell's Catalogue of the Bishops of Exeter, 1584 ; Wood's Athenae Oxon. ed. Bliss, ii. 795; Strype's Annals of the Reformation, 1824, i. i. 82-87, 93, 129, 206, 214, 217, 220; Strype's Life of Parker, 1821, i. 177, 178; Fuller's Worthies of England, 1662, Dorsetshire, p. 279; Foster's Alumni Oxon. 1500-1714; Lansdowne MS. 980, f. 288; Gee's Elizabethan Clergy, 1898.]  TURBINE, RALPH (d. 1122), archbishop of Canterbury. [See .] TURFORD, HUGH (d. 1713), quaker writer, was probably a near relative of Elizabeth Turford, who in 1664 was twice imprisoned for a month or more at Bristol (, Sufferings, i. 51, ii. 638). Turford, who was a schoolmaster, died at Bristol, and was buried there on 5 March 1713. His wife Jane and a son and a daughter predeceased him before 1674.

His ‘Grounds of a Holy Life, or the Way by which many who were Heathens came to be renowned Christians and such as are now Sinners may come to be numbered with Saints by Little Preaching’ (London, 1702, 8vo), which has become a classic, owing to its appeal to every class of readers, is a broad-minded and entirely unsectarian contention for consistency rather than conformity of practice, urging a return to the primitive virtue of self-denial. It has been translated into French (Nismes, 1824, 8vo) and into German, many times reprinted, and reached a seventeenth edition in 1802 and a twentieth in 1836. Other editions appeared at Manchester, 1838, 12mo, and 1843; London, 1843, 12mo; and Manchester (27th ed.), 1860, 12mo. Two portions of the book, viz. Paul's speech to the bishop of Crete, and ‘A True Touchstone or Trial of Christianity,’ were separately issued—the former, Bristol 1746, and Whitby 1788, the latter, Leeds 1785, 1794, and 1799. The whole work was reissued in 1787 as ‘The Ancient Christian's Principle, or Rule of Life, revised and brought to Light, with a Description of True Godliness, and the Way by which our Lives may be conformed thereunto.’ It was reprinted under this title: