Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/59

 , ''Parl. Rep. of Cornwall, p. xxii). Upon his death in May 1795 Boswell left Temple a gold mourning ring, and Temple, under the signature ‘Biographicus,’ wrote appreciatively of his friend (Gent. Mag''. a1795, ii. 634).

Temple died at Gluvias on 13 Aug. 1796. A monument in the churchyard was erected to the memory of their parents by ‘the seven remaining children.’ His second name is there given as ‘Johnstone.’ His wife died on 14 March 1793, aged 46; they had issue in all eleven children. One son, Francis Temple (d. 19 Jan. 1863), became vice-admiral; another, Octavius Temple (d. 13 Aug. 1834), was governor of Sierra Leone, and father of the present archbishop of Canterbury (Dr. Frederick Temple).

Temple's writings were: He left unfinished a work on ‘The Rise and Decline of Modern Rome.’ Some of his letters to Lord Lisburne are in Egerton MS. 2136 (Brit. Mus.). The ‘Letters of James Boswell, addressed to the Rev. W. J. Temple,’ appeared in 1857.
 * 1) ‘An Essay on the Clergy, their Studies, Recreations, Decline of Influence,’ 1774; this was much admired by Bishop Horne.
 * 2) ‘On the Abuse of Unrestrained Power’ [anon.], 1778.
 * 3) ‘Moral and Historical Memoirs’ [anon.], 1779, in which was included the essay on ‘Unrestrained Power.’ These memoirs contended for less foreign travel, less luxury, and for less variety of reading. Polwhele said that these works were ‘heavy from too much historic detail.’
 * 4) A ‘little pamphlet on Jacobinism,’ 1792? (, Traditions, i. 327–8).

 TEMPLEMAN, PETER, M.D. (1711–1769), physician, eldest son of Peter Templeman (d. 1749), a solicitor at Dorchester, by his wife Mary, daughter of Robert Haynes, was born on 17 March 1711, and educated at the Charterhouse, though not on the foundation. Proceeding to Trinity College, Cambridge, he graduated B.A. with distinguished reputation in 1731 (Graduati Cantabr. 1823, p. 463). He at first intended to take holy orders, but afterwards he applied himself to the study of medicine, and went in 1736 to the university of Leyden, where he attended the lectures of Dr. Herman Boerhaave, and was created M.D. on 10 Sept. 1737 (Album Studiosorum Acad. Lugd. Bat. 1875, p. 967). In 1739 he came to London with a view to enter on the practice of his profession, supported by a handsome allowance from his father. He was so fond, however, of literary leisure and of the society of learned men that he never acquired a very extensive practice.

In 1750 he was introduced to Dr. [q. v.] with a view to institute a medical society in order to procure the earliest intelligence of improvements in physic from every part of Europe, but the plan never took effect. When the British Museum was opened in 1758, for purposes of inspection and study, Templeman was appointed on 22 Dec. to the office of keeper of the reading-room. Gray gives an amusing account of a visit to the reading-room while under his care (Works, 1884, iii. 1–2). Templeman resigned the post on 18 Dec. 1760 on being chosen secretary to the recently instituted Society of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce. In 1762 he was elected a corresponding member of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris, and also of the Economical Society at Berne. He died on 23 Aug. 1769 (Cambridge Chronicle, 30 Aug. 1769). Bowyer says ‘he was esteemed a person of great learning, particularly with respect to languages, spoke French with great fluency, and left the character of a humane, generous, and polite member of society.’ A portrait by Cosway belongs to the Society of Arts, and was engraved by William Evans.

His works are:  ‘On a Polypus at the Heart, and a Scirrhous Tumour of the Uterus’ (in the ‘Philosophical Transactions,’ 1746).  ‘Curious Remarks and Observations in Physics, Anatomy, Chirurgery, Chemistry, Botany, and Medicine; selected from the Memoirs of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris,’ 2 vols. London, 1753–4, 8vo.  Edition of Dr. John Woodward's ‘Select Cases and Consultations in Physic,’ London, 1757, 8vo.  ‘Travels in Egypt and Nubia: translated from the original Danish of Frederick Lewis Norden, and enlarged,’ 2 vols. London, 1756–7, fol., with the fine engravings made by Tuscher for the original edition. Templeman also published at the same time the entire translation and the 