Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/415

 shire, was born at Wheatfield in 1598. He entered Queen's College, Oxford, as a commoner, matriculated 23 June 1615, and graduated B.A. on 23 Oct. 1617. He became a student at Lincoln's Inn in 1618, but afterwards abandoned the law, returned to Oxford, lived a studious life, and was added to the commission of the peace. He was summoned before the court of high commission for puritan practices in 1635 and 1636, and in the civil war joined the parliament, took the covenant, and was inducted into the family living of Shabbington, Buckinghamshire. He appears as one of the parliamentary visitors of Oxford in 1647 (, Reg. Visit. pp. lxi, 2), and on 12 April 1648 was created M.A.. He died in the neighbouring parish of Waterstock on 2 Feb. 1648–9, and was there buried on the 8th.

Tipping, who was unmarried, bequeathed an annuity for a Good Friday sermon in All Saints', Oxford, and during his lifetime gave 300l. to build a bridewell outside the north gate of Oxford. He has been confused with a relative of the same name who married Ursula, daughter of Sir John Brett of Edmonton (Visitations of Oxfordshire, Harl. Soc. p. 275; cf., Hist. of Buckinghamshire, i. 453).

He wrote: 1. ‘A Discourse of Eternity,’ Oxford, 1633, 4to, from which he was known as ‘Eternity Tipping.’ A second (anonymous) edition was published in London, 1646. 2. ‘A Return of Thankfulness for the unexpected Recovery out of a dangerous Sickness,’ Oxford, 1640, 8vo. 3. ‘The Father's Counsell,’ London, 1644, 8vo; republished in ‘Harleian Miscellany,’ vol. ix. 1808. 4. ‘The Preacher's Plea, or a short Declaration touching the Smallness of their Maintenance,’ London, 1646, 8vo. 5. ‘The remarkable Life and Death of the lady Apollonia Hall, widow, aged 20,’ London, 1647, 8vo. Of these none save the ‘Harleian Miscellany’ reproduction is in the British Museum.

[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, iii. 243; Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1635–6; Lipscomb's Hist. of Buckinghamshire, i. 309, 450–3; Bodleian Catalogue; Madan's Early Oxford Press, pp. 174, 223.]  TIPTOFT or TIBETOT, JOHN, (1375?–1443), born probably about 1375, was son and heir of Sir Pain de Tibetot by his wife Agnes, sister of Sir John Wroth of Enfield, Middlesex. Sir Pain, who acquired wide estates in Cambridgeshire, was the youngest son of John, second baron Tibetot or Tiptoft (d. 1367) [see under ], by his second wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Robert Aspall and widow of Sir Thomas Wauton [see under or ]. John Tiptoft was in 1397 in the service of Henry, earl of Derby, afterwards Henry IV, with 7½d. a day wages. Probably he shared Derby's exile in France during the next two years, and returned with him when he came to overthrow Richard II in 1399. He was rewarded by various grants, among them being the apparel of the attainted Thomas Mowbray, first duke of Norfolk [q. v.] In 1403 he was styled ‘miles camerarii regis et aulæ,’ and he was elected for Huntingdonshire to the parliament which sat from 3 Dec. in that year to 14 Jan. 1403–4. In November 1404 a vessel which he had sent to the relief of Bayonne was captured by Castilian pirates and sold at Bilbao with a cargo worth 2,500l. (Harl. MS. 431, f. 134). Tiptoft was again returned for Huntingdonshire to the parliaments which met at Coventry on 6 Oct. 1404 and at Westminster on 1 March 1405–6. In the latter he was elected speaker, and was naturally accepted by Henry IV, though officially protesting his ‘youth’ and ‘lack of sense.’ In spite of his close personal connection with the king, Tiptoft seems to have acted with considerable independence; his tenure of the speakership, extending over two sessions, March–April and November–December 1406, was marked by several important advances in the power of the commons, and ‘the parliament of 1406 seems almost to stand for an exponent of the most advanced principles of mediæval constitutional life in England’ (, Const. Hist. iii. 57). It attained a less enviable fame by its severe legislation against the lollards, for which Prynne unjustly held Tiptoft to be especially responsible (cf., Speakers, pp. 40–2).

On 8 Dec. 1406 Tiptoft, who was succeeded as speaker by Sir Thomas Chaucer [q. v.], was appointed keeper of the wardrobe, treasurer of the royal household, and chief butler, in succession to Chaucer. In 1407 he received, on the forfeiture of Owen Glendower [q. v.], considerable estates in South Wales, and on 8 Feb. 1407–8 he was made steward of the Landes and constable of Dax in Aquitaine. On 17 July he resigned his keepership of the wardrobe, and in the same month he was made treasurer of England. On 8 Sept. he was appointed prefect of Entre-deux-Mers, a district near Bordeaux. He was a witness to the will signed by Henry IV on 21 Jan. 1408–9, and in March following was in attendance on the king at Greenwich. In August he was selected by Henry to meet the envoys