Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/336

 ing and eloquence;’ he married Lettice, second daughter of Sir Clement Fisher of Packington, Warwickshire; his eldest son, also Sir Clement (1605–1664), was thrice elected M.P. for. Warwick (in 1654–5, on 30 March 1660, and on 26 March 1661), was knighted on 11 Aug. 1660, and died in 1664. Job Throckmorton's second son, Job (b. 1594), was admitted a barrister of the Middle Temple in 1618.

[Visitation of Warwickshire, 1613 (Harl. Soc. pp. 206–7); Colvile's Warwickshire Worthies; Dugdale's Warwickshire, pp. 456–7; Brooks's Puritans; Maskell's Marprelate Controversy; Arber's Introd. to the Martin Marprelate Controversy; Waddington's Life of Penry, 1854; Strype's Works; Camden's Annals; William Pierce's Historical Introduction to the Marprelate Tracts, 1908.]  THROCKMORTON or THROGMORTON, JOHN (d. 1445), under-treasurer of England, was the son of Thomas Throgmorton of Fladbury, Worcestershire, a retainer of Thomas Beauchamp, earl of Warwick [q. v.], by his wife Agnes Besford. According to Dugdale he was ‘brought up to the study of lawes and was afterwards of the king's council.’ Probably in Henry IV's reign he became a clerk in the treasury, and in 3 Henry V (1415–16) he was granted lands in Fladbury for his services (Cal. Rot. Pat. in Turri Londin. p. 264 b). In 1417–1418 he was in attendance on Richard de Beauchamp, earl of Warwick [q. v.], at Caen, of which the earl had been appointed governor on its surrender to Henry V. He was elected knight of the shire for Worcestershire in the parliament summoned to meet on 19 Nov. 1414, and was returned for the same constituency to those summoned on 2 Dec. 1420, 9 Nov. 1422, and 12 May 1432. In 1426 he was made a commissioner for raising a loan in Warwickshire. In 1431 he was appointed one of the Earl of Warwick's attorneys during his absence abroad, and in the same year was retained as a member of Warwick's council for life with a salary of twenty marks. On the earl's death in 1439 Throgmorton was made one of his executors and joint custodian of his castles and manors during his son's minority. In 1433 he was made ‘surveyor of the administration of the effects’ of Edmund, earl of March (Rot. Parl. iv. 471). In 1434 and again in 1440 he served on the commission of the peace in Warwickshire. In the latter year he was styled chamberlain of the exchequer and under-treasurer of England (, Acts of the Privy Council, v. 81). He died in 1445; in accordance with his will, dated at London on 12 April in that year, he was buried in the church of St. John the Baptist, Fladbury, where there is an inscription to his memory (, Worcestershire, i. 452). He married, in 1409, Alianora, daughter and coheiress of Sir Guy Spiney or De la Spine of Coughton, Warwickshire, which thus passed into the possession of the Throgmorton family. By her he had two sons, Thomas and John, and seven daughters. Thomas (d. 1472) succeeded to the estates, and was great-grandfather of Sir Nicholas Throgmorton [q. v.]

[Cal. Rot. Patentium in Turri Londin. pp. 264, 282; Rot. Parl. iv. 471, v. 77; Acts of the Privy Council, ed. Nicolas, iv. 325, v. 81; Palgrave's Antient Kalendars and Inventories, p. 158; Dugdale's Warwickshire, ii. 749–51; Nash's Worcestershire; Official Return of Members of Parl.; Burke's Extinct Baronetcies; Colvile's Warwickshire Worthies.]  THROCKMORTON, NICHOLAS (1515–1571), diplomatist, born in 1515, was fourth of the eight sons of Sir George Throckmorton of Coughton, Warwickshire. His grandfather, Sir Robert Throckmorton (son of Thomas, and grandson of Sir John Throckmorton [q. v.]), was a privy councillor under Henry VII, and died in 1519 while on a pilgrimage to Palestine. His mother was Katharine, daughter of Sir Nicholas, lord Vaux of Harrowden, by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Henry, lord Fitzhugh, and widow of Sir William Parr, K.G. She was thus aunt by marriage to Queen Catherine Parr, and Sir Nicholas claimed the queen as his first cousin. His father, Sir George, incurred, owing to some local topic of dispute, the ill-will of Cromwell, whose manor of Oversley adjoined that of Coughton. Early in 1540 Cromwell contrived to have his neighbour imprisoned on a charge of denying Henry VIII's supremacy, but Lady Throckmorton's niece, Catherine Parr, used her influence with the king to procure Sir George's release. Sir George was one of the chief witnesses against Cromwell at his trial, which took place in the same year, and was consulted by Henry VIII in the course of the proceedings. After Cromwell's fall Sir George purchased Cromwell's forfeited manor of Oversley. He was sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire in 1526 and 1546, and built the great gatehouse at Coughton. He died soon after Queen Mary's accession. Sir Robert Throckmorton (d. 1570), Sir George's eldest son and successor in the Coughton estate, was succeeded by his son Thomas (d. 1614), who, as a staunch catholic, suffered much persecution and loss of property during Elizabeth's reign. Thomas Throckmorton's grandson Robert was a devoted royalist, and was