Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/318

 room at Osborne there were no fewer than nine life-size marble statues of the young princes and princesses modelled by her. Besides these she executed a considerable number of busts of private individuals, as well as a few ideal statues. Among the latter is her well-known figure of a ‘Skipping Girl,’ which may on the whole be called her masterpiece. Mrs. Thornycroft died on 1 Feb. 1895. Two of her daughters, Alyce and Helen, followed their mother's footsteps in art. One of her sons, W. Hamo Thornycroft, became a sculptor and a member of the Royal Academy; the other, John Isaac Thornycroft, F.R.S., is the famous builder of torpedo-boats.

[Times, 4 Feb. 1895; Magazine of Art; private information from Mr. Hamo Thornycroft, R.A.]

 THORNYCROFT, THOMAS (1815–1885), sculptor, was born in Cheshire in 1815. He was educated at Congleton grammar school, and was afterwards apprenticed to a surgeon in that town. He soon tired of surgery, however, and was sent by his mother to London to study under John Francis (1780–1861) [q. v.], the sculptor. In Francis's studio he met his daughter Mary [see ], whom he married in 1840. After a visit to Italy and a stay of some months in Rome he returned to London with his wife, and established himself in a studio in Stanhope Street, Regent's Park. His work as a sculptor was, however, somewhat desultory, and a large share of his attention was given to mechanical projects. In early youth he formed a friendship with Thomas Page [q. v.], the engineer, which had much influence on his after life. He set up an installation for electro-bronze casting in his studio, where also he worked at models of railways, engines, steamboats, &c., a taste which came out with increased strength in his son John. As a sculptor his chief works are the equestrian statue of the queen which was in the 1851 exhibition, a group of King Alfred and his mother, the statue of Charles I in Westminster Hall, equestrian statues of the prince consort at Liverpool and Wolverhampton, the group of Commerce on the Albert Memorial in Hyde Park, and the group of Boadicea and her daughters which was temporarily placed on the Victoria Embankment in the spring of 1898. In some of these works he was assisted by his son Hamo. Thornycroft died on 30 Aug. 1885 at Brenchley in Kent, and was buried in Old Chiswick churchyard.

[Times, 4 Sept. 1885; private information from Mr. Hamo Thornycroft, R.A.]

 THOROLD, ANTHONY WILSON (1825–1895), successively bishop of Rochester and Winchester, was born on 13 June 1825. His father, Edward Thorold, was the fourth son of Sir John Thorold, ninth baronet, and held the family living of Hougham-cum-Marston, Lincolnshire. His mother was Mary, daughter of Thomas Wilson of Grantham, Lincolnshire. Thorold was educated privately, and matriculated from Queen's College, Oxford, on 7 Dec. 1843. He graduated B.A. in 1847, and M.A. in 1850, receiving the degree of D.D. by diploma on 29 May 1877. Thorold was ordained deacon in 1849 and priest in 1850. In opinion he belonged to the evangelical school. His first curacy was the parish of Whittington, Lancashire, where he worked until 1854. Three years at Holy Trinity, Marylebone, followed, and then, in 1857, the exertions of his friends procured for him the lord-chancellor's living of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, London, where he became well known as a preacher and organiser. He also began to write, and was one of the early contributors to ‘Good Words.’ Ill health led Thorold to resign St. Giles's in 1867. But after a little rest and a short incumbency at Curzon Chapel, Mayfair (1868–9), he resumed parish work in 1869 as vicar of St. Pancras, London. Here, as at St. Giles's, he showed organising power. He improved the schools of the parish, was one of the first to adopt parochial missions, and was returned as a member for Marylebone to the first school board for London. In 1874 Archbishop Thomson, for whom he had long worked as examining chaplain, gave Thorold a residentiary canonry in York Cathedral. Higher promotion soon came. In 1877 Lord Beaconsfield offered him the see of Rochester. He was consecrated in Westminster Abbey on 25 July. The great work of his episcopate was the virtual reorganisation of the diocese. The difficulties incidental to its history, its fragmentary nature, its conformation, and its vast population, were many; but, if he did not surmount them all, he left a thoroughly well-equipped diocese behind him. He consolidated the existing diocesan organisations; carried to a successful issue a Ten Churches Fund; encouraged the settlement of public school and college missions in South London; promoted diocesan organisations for deaconesses, lay workers, higher education, and temperance; began the restoration of St. Saviour's, Southwark, and projected its elevation to the rank of a quasi-cathedral. For recreation he travelled much, going as far afield as America and Australia. He spoke occasionally and with effect in the House of Lords; and he