Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 56.djvu/226

 His last papers dealt with the growing of cotton and sugar-cane (India Agric. Soc. Journal, 1842–5, vols. i–iv.)

Vaughan Thompson's work has not been fully appreciated. Probably no naturalist has ever written so little, and that so good. In his lifetime the discoveries Thompson made were combated by men of authority, and since his death they have too often been accepted without due acknowledgment or have been attributed to later observers.



THOMPSON, MATTHEW WILLIAM (1820–1891), railway director, born at Manningham in the West Riding of Yorkshire on 1 Feb. 1820, was the son of Matthew Thompson of Manningham Lodge, Bradford, by Elizabeth Sarah, daughter of the Rev. William Atkinson of Thorparch. He was educated at private schools and at Trinity College, Cambridge, whence he matriculated in 1840, graduating B.A. in 1843 and M.A. in 1846. He was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in 1847, and for ten years practised as a conveyancing counsel. Having married on 10 May 1843 Mary Anne, daughter of his uncle, Benjamin Thompson of Parkgate, Guiseley, who possessed the controlling influence in the old brewery, Bradford, he retired from the bar in 1857 and went to Bradford to take a part in the management and development of the brewery. Almost immediately he began to take an active share in the conduct of municipal affairs, becoming a town councillor in 1858, an alderman in 1860, and mayor of Bradford in 1862. In 1865 he was elected a director of the Midland railway, and in 1867 was returned as a liberal-conservative borough member for Bradford, with William Edward Forster [q. v.] as his colleague. He was no ardent politician, and did not stand at the general election in 1868; but on the unseating of the conservative member, Henry William Ripley, in March 1869, he again contested the constituency, but was defeated. In 1871 and 1872 he was re-elected mayor of Bradford, and in October 1873 was publicly entertained and a presentation of plate made to him in recognition of his services. In 1879 Thompson became chairman of the Midland railway company, which concern immediately began to reap benefit from his prudent and energetic management. He was also chairman of the Glasgow and South-Western railway, and a director and some time chairman of the Forth Bridge railway company. The sanction of parliament for the erection of the Forth Bridge had been obtained in 1873, but the work was not begun till 1882, when the direction of the policy of the Midland railway company was greatly influenced by Thompson. The shareholders of the Forth Bridge company were guaranteed 4 per cent. on their capital by the North British, Midland, Great Northern, and North-Eastern companies, and the great work was completed in January 1890, and formally opened by the Prince of Wales on 4 March 1890. On this occasion a baronetcy was conferred upon Thompson, in recognition of the ability with which he had helped forward the undertaking.

Thompson resigned the chairmanship of the Midland railway company in 1890, owing to failing health. He died at Guiseley on 1 Dec. 1891, and was buried on 5 Dec. in the churchyard, Guiseley. By his wife, who survived him, he left three sons and two daughters. There is a portrait of Thompson by Mr. Herkomer, R.A., in the possession of the Midland railway company.



THOMPSON, PISHEY (1784–1862), historian of Boston, was born at Peachey Hall, Freiston, near Boston, Lincolnshire, in 1784. While engaged as a bank clerk at Boston he began to collect materials for a history of that town and the neighbouring villages. His intention to publish such a work was announced in 1807, and he continued his labours until 1819, when he removed to the United States. His materials were then arranged and published under the title of ‘Collections for a Topographical and Historical Account of Boston and the Hundred of Skirbeck in the County of Lincoln,’ 1820. While in America he followed the occupation of a bookseller and publisher at Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, where he formed the acquaintance of Daniel Webster, Edward Everett, and other leading men. When he returned to England in 1846 he resumed work on his book, which he eventually published in 1856 as ‘The History and Antiquities of Boston and the Villages of Skirbeck, Fishtoft, Freiston, Butterwick, Bennington, Leverton, Leake, and Wrangle, comprising the Hundred of Skirbeck in the County of Lincoln’ (royal 8vo, pp. xxii, 824). This work is admirably arranged and executed, and well illustrated and indexed. He died at Stoke Newington on 25 Sept. 1862, and was buried at Abney Park cemetery. He was married, but had no children. His