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 until 1869. He then returned to his former occupation in Liverpool, and finally purchased a practice and removed to Hackins Hey. He obtained a considerable reputation as a specialist in the analysis of oils and fats.

Tate was intimately connected with the Society of Chemical Industry, of which he was an original member, and was at various times president and vice-president of the Liverpool section of the society. He also took a prominent part in furthering scientific education in Liverpool. In conjunction with James Samuelson in 1871 he founded evening classes known as the Liverpool operatives' science classes, which were afterwards extended to a number of centres under the name of the Liverpool science and art classes. In 1891 the classes at Bootle were taken over by the local corporation, and in the following year the remaining classes were amalgamated with the school of science, to form the present school of science and technology. Tate himself taught in the class, and was much interested in the various local associations of science teachers. During 1888–90 he edited a monthly magazine called ‘Research,’ which was devoted to the popularisation of science, but was discontinued at the close of its second year. He died at his residence at Orton, Cheshire, on 22 July 1892. In 1860 he married Elizabeth Millicent Faulkes of Claughton, Lancashire, by whom he left two daughters. Tate's original contributions to science were few in number and chiefly concerned with technical chemistry, technical education, and chemical geology. He contributed papers to the journals of the Chemical Society, Royal Dublin Society, and Society of Chemical Industry.

[Journal of Chemical Society, 1893, i. 764, and Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, 1892, p. 594; Royal Society's Catalogue of Scientific Papers; private communication from Mr. F. Tate.] 

TATE, CHRISTOPHER (1811–1841), sculptor, was born in 1811 at Newcastle-on-Tyne, where he was apprenticed to a marble mason named Davis, and afterwards worked for the sculptor D. Dunbar. Leaving him in order to gain an independent position as an artist, he produced a ‘Dying Christ’ and a statue of ‘Blind Willie,’ which attracted attention. He then obtained a number of commissions for portrait busts, among them those of the Duke of Northumberland, David Urquhart, Sheridan Knowles, George Straker, and Miss Elphinstone. He exhibited busts at the Royal Academy in 1828, 1829, and 1833. He afterwards produced a ‘Judgment of Paris,’ a well-designed group, and a ‘Musidora.’ In 1840 he was engaged on a statue of the Duke of Northumberland for the Master Mariners' Asylum at Tynemouth, and had finished the most important parts, when his health broke down, and he started on a voyage to the Mediterranean. He died at London on his return home on 22 March 1841. He was buried in London. He had not succeeded in making an income by his talent, and left a wife and two children unprovided for. There are a large number of tombs by Tate in the churches and churchyards of Newcastle and the neighbourhood.

[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Royal Academy Catalogues; Tyne Mercury, 30 March 1841.] 

TATE, FRANCIS (1560–1616), antiquary, born in 1560 at Gayton, was the second son of Bartholomew Tate (d. 1601) of Delapré, Northamptonshire, by his wife Dorothy, daughter of Francis Tanfield of Gayton. On 20 Dec. 1577 he matriculated as a commoner from Magdalen College, Oxford (Oxford Univ. Reg. II. ii. 76), but left the university without a degree and entered the Middle Temple. He was called to the bar in 1587, but devoted his attention mainly to antiquarian researches. He was an original member of the Society of Antiquaries (Archæologia, vol. i. p. xii), and was for some time its secretary; a volume of collections by him (Stowe MS. 1045) is said to consist of matters discussed by the society. In 1601 Tate was returned to parliament for Northampton. On 22 Feb. 1603–4 he was placed on commissions of the peace in the counties of Glamorgan, Brecknock, and Radnor, and from 1604 till 1611 he sat in parliament as member for Shrewsbury. In 1607 he was Lent reader in the Middle Temple, and about the same time was employed as justice itinerant in South Wales. He died, unmarried, on 11 Nov. 1616.

Tate made various antiquarian collections which were used by Camden and others, but remained unpublished at his death. Selden describes him as ‘multijugæ eruditionis et vetustatis peritissimus’ (, ed. Selden, 1616, pref. p. vi). His tract on ‘The Antiquity, Use, and Privileges of Cities, Boroughs, and Towns,’ extant in Tanner MS. 248 in the Bodleian Library, and his ‘Antiquity, Use, and Ceremonies of laufull Combats in England,’ extant in Tanner MS. 85 and in the domestic state papers, Elizabeth, cclxxviii. No. 53, were both printed in Gutch's ‘Collectanea Curiosa,’ 1781, vol. i. His treatises on ‘Knights made by Abbots,’ dated 21 June 1606; on the ‘Antiquity of Arms in England,’ dated 2 Nov. 1598; on the ‘Antiquity, Variety, and Ceremonies of Funerals in