Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 55.djvu/115

 STUART, MARY (1542-1587), queen of Scots. [See .]

STUART, ROBERT, (1470?-1543). [See under and first .]

STUART, ROBERT (1812–1848), author of ‘Caledonia Romana,’ was the eldest son of William Stuart, a merchant in Glasgow, where he was born on 21 Jan. 1812. Owing to his father's absence abroad on business, he was placed, when about a year old, with his maternal grandfather, George Meliss, resident near Perth, and was strongly influenced by his grandmother, a descendant of the Stewarts of Invernahyle (see Introd. to Waverley, ed. 1829). In 1819 Stuart joined his parents at Nice, presently accompanying them to Gibraltar. In 1821 he was sent to a boarding-school near Perth, and in 1825 his parents returned to Glasgow, where he settled with them and attended school. Prevalent business depression in 1826 caused the father to become bookseller and publisher, with his son as assistant. In 1836 the father turned to some new enterprise, whereupon Stuart undertook the business himself and married. His literary faculty received special direction in 1841 when his friend John Buchanan of Glasgow, after showing him inscribed altars and other memorials of the Roman occupation of Scotland, expressed surprise that authors should have neglected such a fascinating subject. The result was Stuart's great work, ‘Caledonia Romana’ (1845). Stuart died at Glasgow of cholera, after a few hours' illness, on 23 Dec. 1848. He was survived by a widow and family.

Stuart early contributed verses, in the manner of Byron, to his father's ‘Literary Rambler’ and his own ‘Scottish Monthly Magazine,’ which he issued for a year in 1836. He also wrote for Blackwood's and Tait's magazines. In 1834 he published ‘Ina and other Fragments in Verse,’ displaying respectable workmanship but little poetic distinction. The ‘Caledonia Romana: Roman Antiquities in Scotland,’ appeared in 1845. It is methodical and accurate, if a little diffuse. After an introductory and an historical chapter, Stuart devotes the third chapter to a careful consideration of the influence of the Romans in Scotland, and in the fourth he presents a minute account of the wall of Antoninus Pius. The second edition, furnished with good maps, illustrative plates, and a memoir by David Thomson, appeared in 1852. Stuart published in 1848 an interesting work, ‘Views and Notices of Glasgow in former Times.’

 STUART, WILLIAM (1755–1822), archbishop of Armagh, born in March 1755, fifth son of John Stuart, third earl of Bute [q. v.], by Mary, only daughter of Edward Wortley Montagu, was educated at Winchester school, and St. John's College, Cambridge, where he obtained a fellowship, and in 1774 graduated M.A. Shortly after taking holy orders he was appointed vicar of Luton, Bedfordshire. On 10 April 1783 he was introduced to Johnson by his countryman Boswell, who describes him as ‘being with the advantages of high birth, learning, travel, and elegant manners, an exemplary parish priest in every respect,’ which certificate as to his highly respectable accomplishments and character indicates a common type of ecclesiastic and nothing more; and as to his individuality nothing further is known than the dates of his promotions. He was made D.D. in 1789, and was promoted in the same year to a canonry in Christ Church, Oxford; in 1793 to the see of St. Davids, and in December 1800 to the archbishopric of Armagh, and the primacy of all Ireland. He died on 6 May 1822 from accidental poisoning, by a draught of an embrocation taken instead of medicine. His full-length figure in marble is in the cathedral in Armagh.

 STUART-WORTLEY, EMMELINE CHARLOTTE ELIZABETH (1806–1855), poetess and authoress, second daughter of John Henry Manners, fifth duke of Rutland, K.G., and his wife, Lady Elizabeth Howard, fifth daughter of Frederick, fifth earl of Carlisle [q. v.], was born on 2 May 1806. She married, on 17 Feb. 1831, the Hon. Charles Stuart-Wortley, second son of James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, first baron Wharncliffe [q. v.], by whom she had three children: Archibald Henry Plantagenet (b. 26 July 1832, d. 30 April 1890), Adelbert William John (d. 1847), and Victoria Alexandrina, who married, on 4 July 1863, Sir William Earle Welby-Gregory.

Lady Emmeline's earliest poems appeared in 1833, and for the next eleven years she published annually a volume of verse. Some were the outcome of her experiences of travel, as ‘Travelling Sketches in Rhyme’ (1835); ‘Impressions of Italy, and other poems’ (1837); and sonnets, written chiefly