Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 53.djvu/441

 # ‘The Treasury of David,’ 1870–85.
 * 1) ‘Lectures to my Students,’ 1st ser. 1875; 2nd ser. 1877.
 * 2) ‘Commenting and Commentaries,’ 1876.
 * 3) ‘John Ploughman's Pictures,’ 1880.
 * 4) ‘My Sermon Notes,’ 1884–7.

An autobiography, compiled by his wife and the Rev. W. J. Harrald, his private secretary, from his diary, letters, and records, appeared in four volumes in 1897–1900.

 SPURGIN, JOHN (1797–1866), medical writer, son of William Spurgin, farmer, was born at Orplands, Bradwell, Essex, in 1797, and educated at Chelmsford grammar school from 1804 to 1813, and at St. Thomas's Hospital (1813–15). He matriculated at Cambridge from Caius College on 3 July 1814, and was scholar from Michaelmas 1815 to Michaelmas 1816. He afterwards proceeded to Edinburgh, and, returning to Cambridge, graduated M.B. 1820, and M.D. 1825. He was admitted an inceptor candidate of the College of Physicians on 30 Sept. 1822, a candidate 30 Sept. 1825, and a fellow on 30 Sept. 1826. He was censor in 1829, and conciliarius in 1851–3 and 1862–4. He delivered the Harveian oration in 1851 and the college lectures on materia medica in 1852. Spurgin was physician to the Foundling Hospital from 1835 to his death, and about 1837 became physician to St. Mark's Hospital.

He enjoyed an extensive private practice, first at 38 Guildford Street, Russell Square, from 1820, and at 17 Great Cumberland Street, Hyde Park, from 1853 to his death. He was the inventor and patentee of an ‘endless ladder,’ an appurtenance of the scaffolding in building, which came into general use, and he also brought out the thermoscope for taking the temperature of the body. ‘Dr. Spurgin's Condiment’ was a solution of common salt and alkaline phosphates, which he introduced as a digestive and a purifier of the blood.

After an illness, brought on by injuries received from thieves in Bishopsgate Street on 20 Sept. 1865, he died at 17 Great Cumberland Street, Hyde Park, London, on 20 March 1866. His portrait is in the Royal College of Physicians. His widow, Rose, died on 30 Nov. 1882.

Spurgin had from early years studied the works of Swedenborg, whose views he gradually adopted. He gave an account of his mental experiences in a lecture read before the Swedenborg Association on 24 Feb. 1847, and published in the same year as ‘A Narrative of Personal Experience concerning Principles advocated by the Swedenborg Association.’ He also projected an edition of Swedenborg's philosophical works, and made some progress with their translation, but the only volume published was ‘The Introduction to an Anatomical, Physical, and Philosophical Investigation of the Economy of the Animal Kingdom,’ with an ‘address to the reader’ by Medicus Cantabrigiensis, 1861.

Spurgin's other works were:
 * 1) ‘Six Lectures on Materia Medica and its Relation to the Animal Economy,’ 1853.
 * 2) ‘The Physician for All, his Philosophy, Experience, and his Mission,’ 1855; second curriculum, 1857, dedicated to Lord Palmerston.
 * 3) ‘Drainage of Cities, reserving their sewage for use and keeping their rivers clean,’ 1858.
 * 4) ‘The Cure of the Sick not Allopathy nor Homœopathy, but Judgment,’ 1860.

 SPURSTOWE, WILLIAM, D.D. (1605?–1666), puritan divine, was son and heir of William Spurstowe, citizen and mercer of London, who was remotely connected with the Spurstowes of Bunbury, Cheshire. He was probably born in London about 1605. He was admitted a pensioner at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, in 1623, graduated B.A. 1626, M.A. 1630, and obtained a fellowship at Catharine Hall, which he resigned in 1637. He had been incorporated B.A. at Oxford on 15 July 1628. His first preferment was the rectory of Great Hampden, Buckinghamshire, to which he was instituted 30 June 1638, though he signs the register as rector in August 1637; he succeeded [q. v.], who was buried on 10 May 1637; to his connection with the parliamentary leader (1594–1643) [q. v.] he probably owed his introduction to public life. He was one of the five divines [see, the elder] who wrote in 1641 as ‘Smectymnuus,’ the last three letters of this word being his initials (VVS). In 1642 he was chaplain to Hampden's regiment of ‘green coats.’ With the other Smectymnuans he was included in the original summons (12 June 1643) to the Westminster assembly of divines, and took the ‘league and covenant’ in the following September. On