Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 53.djvu/31

 never married, was her father's companion and assistant until his death.

Smith's portrait, painted by Edward Opie, belonged to Mrs. Rendel in 1868 (Cat. Nat. Portraits at South Kensington, 1868). An engraving by James Scott was published at Plymouth in 1841.

A great naturalist and an accurate and unwearied artist, Smith was a student of profound knowledge in many branches of learning. His writings comprised: Most of his works were illustrated by his own drawings.
 * 1) ‘History of the Seven Years' War in Germany by Generals Lloyd and Tempelhoff. With Observations, Maxims, &c., of General Jomini. Translated from the German and French,’ vol. i. n.d. [1809].
 * 2) ‘Secret Strategical Instructions of Frederic the Second. Translated from the German,’ 1811.
 * 3) ‘Selections of Ancient Costume of Great Britain and Ireland, Seventh to Sixteenth Century,’ 1814.
 * 4) ‘Costume of Original Inhabitants of the British Islands to the Sixth Century. By S. R. Meyrick and C. H. Smith,’ 1815.
 * 5) ‘The Class Mammalia, arranged by Baron Cuvier, with Specific Descriptions by Edward Griffith, C. H. Smith, and Edward Pidgeon,’ 2 vols. 1827.
 * 6) ‘Natural History of Dogs,’ vol. i. 1839, vol. ii. 1840. Afterwards reissued in 1843 as vols. iv. and v. of the ‘Naturalists' Library.’
 * 7) ‘Natural History of Horses,’ 1841. In 1843 this was vol. xii. in the ‘Naturalists' Library.’
 * 8) ‘Introduction to the Mammalia,’ 1842; issued in 1843 as vol. i. in the same ‘Library.’
 * 9) ‘Natural History of the Human Species,’ 1848. This volume was devised to harmonise with the publications in the ‘Naturalists' Library.’ Prefixed to it was his portrait. It was reprinted at Boston, U.S.A., in 1851, with an Introduction by Samuel Kneeland, jun. M.D.

Smith wrote the military part of Coxe's ‘Life of the Duke of Marlborough,’ and the plans of the battles and campaigns were mainly constructed under his inspection. From the knowledge of military affairs displayed in this work it excited Napoleon's interest at St. Helena. A narrative of the retreat of Napoleon from Moscow was written by him in French, and is said to have been disseminated abroad by the English government. The articles on subjects of natural history and warfare in Kitto's ‘Cyclopædia of Biblical Literature’ were contributed by Smith; that on ‘War,’ in the eighth edition of the ‘Encyclopædia Britannica,’ was his composition, revised by Major-general Portlock; and he was the author of the introductory paper on ‘the Science of War’ in the ‘Aide-Mémoire of the Military Science by Officers of the Royal Engineers.’

Smith contributed to the ‘Transactions of the Linnean Society,’ 1822, pp. 28–40, an article on the ‘Animals of America allied to the Antelope,’ and a paper by him ‘On the Original Population of America’ appeared in the ‘Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal for 1845,’ pp. 1–20. He issued in 1840 a ‘Model of a proposed Statistical Survey of Devon and Cornwall, arranged in Tables;’ the scheme included a bibliography of the counties.



SMITH, CHARLES HARRIOT (1792–1864), architect, born in London on 1 Feb. 1792, was the son of Joseph Smith, monumental sculptor, of Portland Road, Marylebone. Leaving school at the age of twelve, he entered his father's business, employing himself in drawing and modelling after working hours. In 1813 he became a life member of the Society of Arts, and in the following year entered the Royal Academy, where he passed through all the classes, and in 1817 obtained the academy gold medal for his ‘Design for a Royal Academy.’ Acquiring a knowledge of geology, mineralogy, and chemistry, he became an authority on building stones, and was in 1836 appointed one of the four commissioners for the selection of a suitable stone for the new houses of parliament. Smith executed the ornamental stone-carving of the Royal Exchange, of the National Gallery, and of Dorchester and Bridgewater houses. In 1855 he was elected a member of the Royal Institute of British Architects. He died in London on 21 Oct. 1864, leaving one son, Percy Gordon Smith, architect for many years to the local government board. Smith contributed numerous sessional papers to the Royal Institute of British Architects, of which the most important was entitled ‘Lithology, or Observations on Stone used for Buildings,’ 1842. He also wrote an essay on linear and aërial perspective for Arnold's ‘Library of the Fine Arts.’ He frequently exhibited in the Royal Academy designs in architecture, portrait-busts, and monumental compositions.

