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 forms a treasury of literary and biographical information.

Southey's handsome personal appearance was admitted even by Byron. ‘The varlet was not an ill-looking knave.’ Crabb Robinson saw a resemblance to Shelley. The National Portrait Gallery contains a portrait by Peter Vandyck, painted for Cottle in 1796, a drawing of the same date by Robert Hancock, a drawing dated 1804 by Henry Edridge, and a marble bust (posthumous) sculptured by John Graham Lough in 1845. A portrait by T. Phillips, R.A., belongs to Mr. John Murray. The most characteristic of the engraved portraits are the one after Opie in the ‘Correspondence;’ the youthful one reproduced in Cottle's ‘Memoirs of Coleridge;’ and the sketch engraved in Mr. E. H. Coleridge's edition of ‘Coleridge's Letters.’ The standard portrait, by Sir Thomas Lawrence, engraved in the ‘Poetical Works,’ though no bad likeness, has, like all Lawrence's portraits, an infusion of the painter's own mannerism.

[Southey commenced an autobiography, but did not proceed far. The best authority for his life is his voluminous correspondence, of which two chief collections exist—the letters published by the Rev. C. C. Southey, in six volumes (1849–1850), with a very imperfect biographical link; and those edited by the Rev. J. Wood Warter, in four volumes, 1856. The most important part of his twenty years' correspondence with Caroline Southey has been edited by Professor Dowden, Dublin, 1881. The more strictly biographical letters have been excerpted by Mr. John Dennis, and published, with an excellent preface, at Boston, U.S., in 1887. Very many important letters exist in the biographies of Southey's friends, especially that of William Taylor of Norwich by Robberds. Thackeray bestows the warmest eulogium upon his Letters in The Four Georges (George III). The best abridged biography is that by Professor Dowden, in the ‘English Men of Letters’ series, 1879; there is also an adequate memoir by C. T. Browne, 1854. De Quincey's Recollections of the Lake Poets and Autobiography, Hazlitt's Spirit of the Age, Smiles's Life of John Murray, Cottle's Memoir of Coleridge, Sir Henry Taylor's Autobiography, chap. xvii., Mrs. Oliphant's Blackwood (1897), i. 53, 434, and Crabb Robinson's Diary are also valuable sources of information. See also Foster's Alumni Oxon. 1715–1886; Barker and Stenning's Westminster School Register; Jerdan's Men I have known, pp. 406–20; Wilson's Noctes Ambrosianæ, ed. Mackenzie, passim.]

 SOUTHGATE, HENRY (1818–1888), anthologist, born in 1818, a native of London, entered his father's business, and from 1840 to 1866 carried on his practice as an auctioneer of prints and engravings at 22 Fleet Street. The firm was known as Southgate & Barrett until about 1860 (when the partnership was dissolved), after which Southgate's affairs became gradually involved. In the meantime he had made a considerable reputation as a compiler of selections in prose and verse from English classics. He moved about 1870 to South Devon, where he resided at Salcombe, and afterwards at Sidmouth; thence he moved to Ramsgate, where he died on 5 Dec. 1888.

His works comprise: 1. ‘Many Thoughts of Many Things, being a Treasury of Reference … analytically arranged,’ London, 1857, 4to; the third edition, thoroughly revised and enlarged under the altered title ‘Many Thoughts of Many Minds’ (1861, 8vo), had a great circulation, and has frequently been reprinted. The first edition was denounced by the ‘Athenæum’ (1857, p. 1550) as ‘an enormous book, an enormous blunder;’ but, along with Bartlett's ‘Familiar Quotations,’ it has established a reputation as one of the best compilations of the kind. A second series was issued in 1871, London, 8vo. 2. ‘What Men have said about Women: a Collection of Choice Sentences,’ London, 1864, 8vo; 1865 and 1866. 3. ‘Musings about Men, compiled and analytically arranged from the Writings of the Good and Great,’ illustrated by Birket Foster and Sir John Gilbert, 1866, 8vo, and 1868. 4. ‘Noble Thoughts in Noble Language: a Collection of Wise and Virtuous Utterances in Prose and Verse’ [1871], 8vo; 1880. Arranged alphabetically from ‘Ability’ to ‘Zeal,’ and, after No. 1, the most popular of Southgate's compilations. 5. ‘The Bridal Bouquet, culled in the Garden of Literature,’ London, 1873, 4to. 6. ‘Christus Redemptor, being the Life, Character, and Teachings of our Blessed Lord, … illustrated from the Writings of Ancient and Modern Authors,’ London [1874], 4to; another edition, ‘Christ our Redeemer’ [1880], 8vo. 7. ‘Things a Lady would like to know,’ a book of domestic management, 1874 and 1875, 8vo; dedicated to his daughter Julia. 8. ‘The Way to Woo and Win a Wife,’ choice extracts, dedicated to his wife, London, 1876, 12mo. During the last fifteen years of his life a collection of plates, cuttings, and extracts, printed and manuscript, was compiled by Southgate for publication as ‘The Wealth and Wisdom of Literature’ or ‘A Dictionary of Suggestive Thought.’ He had a title-page printed, but sought in vain to find a publisher for this colossus of anthologies, which eventually extended to forty bulky volumes (with an alphabet from