Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 53.djvu/221

 prize and medal in the medical school was established from the proceeds of a public subscription in his memory.

He wrote: 1. ‘The Human Brain … illustrated by references to the Nervous System in the Lower Orders of Animals,’ London, 8vo, 1836. The work is dedicated to Benjamin Travers, and is illustrated by twelve well-executed lithographic plates. A second edition, in which the plates are replaced by figures in the text, was issued in 1847. 2. ‘Surgical Experiences,’ London, 8vo, 1865; containing the embodiment of his teaching as lecturer on surgery at St. Thomas's Hospital. 3. ‘An Analysis of Johan Müller's “Intimate Structure of Secreting Glands,”’ London, 8vo, 1839; dedicated to Sir Astley Cooper, bart. He also contributed papers to medical periodicals and to the ‘Transactions’ of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society.

[Obituary notices in the Proc. of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Soc. vii. 41, and in the Standard, 29 Sept. 1871; private information.]

 SOLLY, THOMAS (1816–1875), philosophical writer, eldest son of Thomas Solly of Blackheath, Kent, by Anne, sister of Benjamin Travers [q. v.], surgeon, was born at Walthamstow, Essex, on 31 Jan. 1816. He was educated under Dr. Morell at Hove, Brighton, the grammar school, Tunbridge, and Caius College, Cambridge, which he entered in 1836, but, being a unitarian, left without a degree. On 3 Nov. 1838 he was admitted a student at the Middle Temple, where he was called to the bar on 19 Nov. 1841. Migrating to Germany, he was appointed, on 6 July 1843, lecturer on English language and literature in the university of Berlin, where he died on 8 June 1875.

Solly married twice: first, on 24 March 1845, Augusta, daughter of Hollis Solly of Tott End Hall, Tipton, Staffordshire; secondly, a German lady. By his first wife he had issue two daughters and a son; by his second wife, who survived him, he had no issue.

Solly was author of: 1. ‘A Syllabus of Logic, in which the views of Kant are generally adopted, and the Laws of Syllogism symbolically expressed,’ Cambridge, 1839, 8vo. 2. ‘Grundzüge des englischen Rechtes über Grundbesitz, Erbfolge, und Güterrecht der Ehegatten,’ Berlin, 1853, 8vo. 3. ‘The Will Divine and Human’ (an essay towards the reconciliation of freewill and foreknowledge), Cambridge, 1856, 8vo. He also edited ‘A Coronal of English Verse; or a Selection from English and American Poets,’ Berlin, 1864, 8vo; and contributed English versions of Jacob Ayrer's comedies, ‘Beautiful Sidea’ and ‘Beautiful Phœnicia,’ to Albert Cohn's ‘Shakespeare in Germany,’ London, 1865, 4to.

[Law Times, 26 June 1875; Grad. Cant.; Law List; Middle Temple Reg.; Gent. Mag. 1845 i. 538; Die königliche Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin in ihrem Personal bestande seit ihrer Errichtung, Michaelis 1810, bis Michaelis 1885, Berlin, 1885; Jahrbuch für Lehrer u. Studirende, Berlin, 1863, p. 27; Athenæum, 1839, p. 722; Times, 16 June 1875, p. 5, col. 4.]

 SOLME or SOLEMAN, THOMAS (d. 1541?), French secretary to Henry VIII. [See .]

SOLME, THOMAS (fl. 1540-1550), protestant divine. [See .]

SOLMS, HEINRICH MAASTRICHT, (1636–1693), born in 1636, was a younger son of Count John Albert Solms, governor of the fortifications of Maastricht, the descendant of an ancient family, holding one of the early German countships, and settled at Schloss Braunfels as early as 946; the family is still numerously represented in Württemberg and Hesse. His aunt, Amalie Solms of the Braunfels family (whose portrait by Vandyck adorns the Imperial Gallery at Vienna), was the wife of Prince Frederic Henry of Nassau (1584–1647), the younger brother of Maurice, and grandfather of William III. Solms entered the Dutch army about 1670, distinguished himself in August 1674 by his bravery when leading the foot-guards in the van of the attack at the battle of Seneffe, and two years later, on the death of Count Karl Florentius von Salm (one of William's most trusted military officers) at the siege of Maastricht, was given the command of the famous regiment of blue guards. The house of Orange had been well served by cadets of the Solms family, and William placed implicit confidence in Count Heinrich. The efficiency which enabled the Dutch footguards to meet those of the French army on equal terms was held to reflect special credit on him and his colleague, George Frederick of Waldeck. Solms was promoted to the rank of general in 1680. He was on board the prince's own frigate when it sailed from the Brill at the close of October 1688. On the evening of 27 Dec. Solms led three battalions of his guards down the mall with colours flying, drums beating, and matches lighted, in order to occupy Whitehall. A conflict seemed imminent until James ordered