Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 51.djvu/73

 quarto by Richard Cotes; the two issues slightly differ from each other in the imprint on title-page. Another reissue was dated 1654. A third edition in folio, dated 1665, included nine new chapters, and added a second book to ‘The Discourse on Devils and Spirits.’ In 1886 Dr. [q. v.] edited a good reprint of the first edition of 1584, with the additions of that of 1665.



SCOTT, ROBERT (1777–1841), engraver, son of Robert and Grizell Scott, was born on 13 Nov. 1777 at Lanark, where his father was a skinner. He attended the grammar school at Musselburgh, and at the age of ten was articled to Andrew Robertson, an engraver at Edinburgh; there he also worked in the Trustees Academy. Scott first became known by some plates in Dr. James Anderson's ‘The Bee’ for 1793 and 1794, and a set of ‘Views of Seats and Scenery chiefly in the Environs of Edinburgh,’ from drawings by A. Carse and A. Wilson, published in 1795 and 1796. Though possessed of very limited abilities, he was esteemed in his day for his small book illustrations, of which he carried on an extensive manufactory in Parliament Stairs, Edinburgh, employing many assistants. Scott's best work was in landscape, which he rendered with much truth of detail. He engraved all the illustrations to Barry's ‘History of the Orkney Islands,’ 1805, and to ‘Scenery of Allan Ramsay's Gentle Shepherd,’ 1808; he also for many years contributed plates to the ‘Scots Magazine,’ and put in the landscape backgrounds of some of those for Bell's ‘British Poets,’ which were sent to him from London for the purpose. He was employed by Henry Mozley, a publisher at Gainsborough (father of [q. v.] and  [q. v.]), for whose edition of Thomson's ‘Seasons,’ 1804, he engraved four plates after John Burnet. Scott's latest work was a set of twenty views of ‘Scenery of Edinburgh and Midlothian,’ 1838, from drawings by his son, W. B. Scott. He died early in 1841. By his wife Ross Bell, to whom he was married in 1800, he had two sons, David Scott and William Bell Scott, who are separately noticed. Among his pupils were [q. v.], [q. v.], and (1791–1863) [q. v.]



SCOTT, ROBERT (1811–1887), lexicographer and dean of Rochester, born on 26 Jan. 1811 at Bondleigh, Devonshire, was son of Alexander Scott, then rector there. His father moved to Egremont Rectory, Cumberland, and Robert attended St. Bees, and afterwards Shrewsbury School, then under Dr. [q. v.], afterwards bishop of Lichfield. He entered Christ Church, Oxford (of which he was elected a student along with H. G. Liddell), in January 1830. He was Craven scholar in 1830, Ireland scholar in 1833, and in the same year graduated B.A. with first class in the final classical school. In 1834 he gained the Latin essay, and became fellow of Balliol in 1835, acting as tutor in that college (with Archibald Campbell Tait, afterwards archbishop of Canterbury) until 1840. He was ordained in 1835, and held the college living of Duloe, Cornwall, from 1845 to 1850. He was prebendary of Exeter from 1845 to 1866, and held the rectory of South Luffenham, Rutland, from 1850 to 1854, being select preacher at Oxford in 1853–4. In 1854 he was elected master of Balliol College, in succession to Dr. [q. v.], and in opposition to Benjamin Jowett, whose orthodoxy was questioned. Scott held the mastership until 1870, being also Dean Ireland's professor of exegesis from 1861 to 1870. He was dean of Rochester from 1870 to his death, being again select preacher at Oxford in 1874–5. During his tenure of office Balliol College, which had already made marked progress under Dr. Jenkyns, became one of the most prominent colleges, if not the leading college, in the university. Dr. Scott joined to a most zealous and successful performance of his duties first as tutor, afterwards as parish priest, and subsequently as master of Balliol and as dean of Rochester, a zealous devotion to scholarship. This he displayed most conspicuously in the great Greek-English lexicon which he compiled with Dr. H. G. Liddell, dean of Christ Church, and which opened a new epoch in Greek scholarship in England. The work was begun, on the basis of Passow's lexicon, in 1836. After seven years of labour the first edition was brought out by the Clarendon Press in 1843. Its revision continued for forty years to be the constant occupation of its joint authors, the seventh and enlarged edition being published in 1883. It remains the most complete and authoritative book of the kind. Dr. Scott was also the