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 payment of 30,000l. if the king would undertake to observe the provisions of Oxford (ib. p. 29). After the battle Sandwich was one of the arbitrators appointed under the mise of Lewes (ib. p. 37). In September Guy Foulquois the legate, afterwards Clement IV, summoned the baronial bishops to appear before him at Boulogne. According to some accounts the bishops refused to appear, either in person or by proctors; but eventually the bishops of London, Worcester, and Winchester appear to have gone at the end of September. Guy ordered them to publish his sentence of excommunication against Simon de Montfort and his abettors. The bishops appealed to the pope, and when they returned with the ball of excommunication allowed the men of the Cinque ports to seize and destroy it. Afterwards, in an ecclesiastical council at Westminster on 19 Oct., the appeal was confirmed, and the bishops openly disregarded the legate's decree (Annales Monastici, iii. 234, iv. 156; Flores Historiarum, iii. 262–3;, De Bellis, p. 39). After the fall of Simon de Montfort, Clement IV gave the new legate, Ottobon, power to absolve Sandwich and the other baronial prelates, but directed that they should be suspended from their office, and their case reserved for his own decision (Cal. Papal Registers, i. 419, 435, 438). Shortly before Easter 1266 Ottobon formally suspended Sandwich, who soon afterwards went abroad to the pope. Sandwich was detained at the Roman curia for nearly seven years, having only a small pittance from the revenues of his see (Ann. Mon. iii. 247). At last, on 31 May 1272, having shown his humility and devotion, he was, on the petition of Edward, the king's son, relaxed from suspension and restored to his office (Cal. Papal Reg. i. 441). On 31 Jan. 1273 he was once more received in his cathedral amid much rejoicing (Ann. Mon. iv. 253–4; Lib. de Ant. Legibus, p. 156). His health was already failing, and he could not attend Kilwardby's consecration on 26 Feb. (ib. p. 157). He died at his manor of Orset on 15 Sept., and was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral on 23 Sept., in the place which he had chosen on the day of his enthronement (ib. p. 200; Ann. Mon. iv. 255). His tomb was destroyed at the Reformation. He left 40s. for the observance of his obit; his chalice of silver gilt, his mitre, and a number of vestments were anciently preserved at St. Paul's (, pp. 313, 315, 321–3). Richard de Gravesend, afterwards bishop of London, owed his early advancement to Sandwich (ib. p. 23). Simon de Sandwich of Preston, Kent, whose granddaughter Juliana married William de Leybourne [see under ], was probably a brother of the bishop (Archæologia Cantiana, vi. 190).

[Annales Monastici, Flores Historiarum, Continuation of Gervase of Canterbury, Annales Londinenses, ap. Chron. Edward I and Edward II (all these are in Rolls Ser.); Rishanger, De Bellis apud Lewes et Evesham, Liber de Antiquis Legibus (both Camden Soc.); Bliss's Calendar of Papal Registers; Hasted's Hist. of Kent, iv. 265–6; Wharton, De Episcopis Londinensibus, pp. 98–100; Le Neve's Fasti, ed. Hardy; Prothero's Simon de Montfort.]

 SANDWICH, RALPH (d. 1308?), judge, was probably brother of Henry de Sandwich [q. v.], bishop of London. He was a knight, lord of lands in Ham and Eynsham, and patron of the church of Waldesham, all in Kent. During the reign of Henry III he was appointed keeper of the wardrobe. In 1264 he withdrew from the king and joined the confederate barons (Annals of Worcester, sub an.), and on 7 May 1265 Simon de Montfort—Thomas de Cantelupe [q. v.] the chancellor, being otherwise occupied—committed the great seal to Sandwich, with the proviso that for the issue of precepts he should obtain the concurrence of Peter de Montfort and two others, though he could seal writs independently of them. It was then noted that it was an unheard-of innovation that the great seal should be in lay hands (, sub an.;, iii. 150). On the death of the bishop of London in 1273, Sandwich received the custody of the temporalities of the see. In 1274 he and his wife were summoned to attend the coronation of Edward I (, History of the Exchequer, i. 71). He received the custody of the castle of Arundel in 1277, the Lord Richard being a minor, and from that year until 1282 was escheator south of the Trent with the title of ‘senescallus regis’ (Abbrev. Rot. Orig. i. 21). His name appears along with the names of the judges that were present at the proffer of homage by Alexander III [q. v.] of Scotland in the parliament at Westminster on 26 Oct. 1278 (Fœdera, i. 563), and in 1281 and 1299 he was sent with other judges to carry messages from the king to the archbishop of Canterbury concerning proceedings in convocation (ib. pp. 598, 914). In 1284 he was acting as a justice in Kent in conjunction with Stephen de Penecester (Penshurst), the warden of the Cinque ports (Registrum J. Peckham, iii. 1077).

When, on 5 June 1285 (the date 14 Edw. I, i.e. 1286, in Liber Albus, i. 16, should ap-