Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 50.djvu/221

 State of the Universities, and of the five adjacent Counties of Cambridge, Huntingdon, Bedford, Buckingham, and Oxford,’ London, 1744, 8vo. Only one volume appeared, containing the history of the county, city, and university of Oxford. In the preface he speaks of a work which he had published under the title of 10. ‘General Description of England, and particularly of London, the Metropolis,’ 2 vols. 11. ‘The Modern Gazetteer, or a short View of the several Nations of the World,’ London, 1746, 12mo; 3rd ed. London, 1756, 8vo; 6th ed. ‘with great additions and a new set of maps,’ London, 1759, 8vo. 12. ‘The Foreigner's Companion through the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge and the adjacent Counties,’ describing the several Colleges and other Public Buildings,’ London, 1748, 8vo. 13. ‘Considerations on the Bill for a General Naturalisation,’ London, 1748, 8vo. 14. ‘A New Geographical and Historical Grammar, with a set of twenty-two Maps,’ London, 1749, 8vo; 2nd ed. 1751; 6th ed. 1758; other editions ‘brought down to the present time by J. Tytler,’ Edinburgh, 1778 and 1782, 8vo; 13th ed. London, 1785, 8vo. 15. ‘A Short View of the Families of the present English Nobility,’ London, 1751, 12mo; 2nd ed. 1758; 3rd ed. 1761. 16. ‘The Universal Traveller, or a Compleat Description of the several Nations of the World,’ 2 vols. London, 1752–3, fol. 17. ‘A Short View of the Families of the present Irish Nobility,’ London, 1759, 12mo. 18. ‘A Short View of the Families of the Scottish Nobility,’ London, 1759, 12mo. He also, in 1725, brought out an edition of his father's ‘Historical Collections of Great Britain,’ to which he prefixed a preface demonstrating the ‘partiality of Mons. Rapin and some other republican historians.’

[Bowes's Cambridge Books, p. 216; Gough's British Topography, ii. 119; Halkett and Laing's Dict. Anon. Lit. i. 537, iii. 1115; Lowndes's Bibl. Man. (Bohn), p. 2179; Masters's Corpus Christi Coll. p. 366; Bourchier de la Richarderie's Bibliothèque des Voyages, i. 91–2; Moule's Bibl. Heraldica, pp. 378, 390; Notes and Queries, 3rd ser. iii. 11; Watt's Bibl. Brit.]

 SALMON, WILLIAM (1644–1713), empiric, was born 2 June 1644 (inscription under portrait in ‘Ars Anatomica’). His enemies asserted that his first education was from a mountebank with whom he travelled, and to whose stock-in-trade he succeeded. His travels extended to New England. Before out-patient rooms were established, irregular practitioners frequently lived near the gates of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, and obtained patients from those to whom admission or attendance could not be granted in the hospital. Salmon set up in this capacity near the Smithfield gate of St. Bartholomew's, treated all diseases, sold special prescriptions of his own, as well as drugs in general, cast horoscopes, and professed alchemy. While resident in Smithfield he published in 1671 ‘Synopsis Medicinæ, or a Compendium of Astrological, Galenical, and Chymical Physick,’ in three books. The first book is dedicated to Dr. Peter Salmon, a wealthy physician of the time; the third to Thomas Salmon of Hackney, but the author does not claim to be related to either, though endeavouring, obviously without their consent, to associate himself in the public eye with them. Laudatory verses by Henry Coley, philomath; Henry Crawford, student in astrology; James Maxey, astrophilus; H. Mason; Jacob Lamb, philiatros; and John Bramfield, are prefixed, which state the work to be an admirable compound of Hermes, Hippocrates, Galen, and Paracelsus. A second edition appeared in 1681, a reissue in 1685, and a fourth edition in 1699. Richard Jones of the Golden Lion in Little Britain, who published this book, brought out in 1672 Salmon's ‘Polygraphice, the Art of Drawing, Engraving, Etching, Limning, Painting, Washing, Varnishing, Colouring, and Dyeing,’ dedicated to Peter Stanley of Alderley, who seems to have consulted Salmon professionally. Besides the mechanical parts of art, descriptions are given of the ways of representing the passions and emotions in portraiture. At the end Salmon advertises his pills, which are to be had for three shillings a box, and are good for all diseases. He moved to the Red Balls in Salisbury Court off Fleet Street, and there in 1681 brought out a new edition of his ‘Synopsis’ for a fresh publisher, Thomas Dawks, who also published his ‘Horæ Mathematicæ’ in 1679, ‘Doron Medicon’ in 1683, and ‘Iatrica seu Praxis Medendi,’ in 1681 (reissued in 1684). In 1684, after a short residence in George Yard, near Broken Wharf, Salmon moved to the Blue Balcony by the ditch side, near Holborn bridge, where he continued to reside till after 1692. He brought out a prophetic almanac in 1684, his first publication of the kind; and says in the preface that he liked to deal in medicine better than in prophecy. In 1687 he published, with Randal Taylor, ‘Select Physical and Chirurgical Observations,’ and in 1689, with Edward Brewster, a translation of the anatomy of Diemerbroek, the famous physician of Utrecht. In 1690 he published ‘A Discourse against Transubstantiation,’ in the form of a dialogue between a Protestant and a papist; in 1692 ‘Practical Physick,’ with