Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 45.djvu/142

 house established near the north gates, outside the city wall, by Edward I (see, Monasticon, vi. 1577; , iii. 60). According to Bale he was a doctor of divinity, and the author of several theological works, none of which are known to be extant.

[Authorities cited in text; Ware's Hist. of the Bishops and Hist. and Antiquities of Ireland, ed. 1704, Diocese of Dublin, p. 32; Godwin, De Præsulibus Angliæ, ed. 1743, ii. 46, 189; Bale's Illust. Majoris Britanniæ Script. Summarium, ed. 1559, p. 542.]  PEVERELL, WILLIAM (fl. 1155), of Nottingham, baron, was son or grandson of William Peverell. The elder Peverell is said to have been a natural son of William the Conqueror, and his mother a daughter of Ingelric, founder of the collegiate church of St. Martin's-le-Grand, London, but the sole authority is Dugdale's quotation of Robert Glover [q. v.], Somerset herald. The younger Peverell appears among the witnesses to a charter to the church of Salisbury on 8 Sept. 1131 (, Geoffrey de Mandeville, p. 266), and to a charter of Stephen at Oxford between 22 March and 26 April 1136 ( in Chronicles of Stephen, Henry II, and Richard I, Rolls Ser. iii. 150). In 1138 he and other northern magnates bound themselves to resist David of Scotland after that king had refused to listen to proposals for peace (ib. iii. 162). In the battle of the Standard the same year William was one of the chief commanders ( Rolls Ser. p. 264). He was taken prisoner at Lincoln, fighting on Stephen's side, in 1141 (Cont. of by John of Hexham, Rolls Ser. ii. 308). Matilda took his castle of Nottingham and entrusted it to William Paganel [see under ]; but, in 1142, during the latter's absence, Peverell's men surprised it by night and expelled all the adherents of Matilda from the town (ib. ii. 309, 311–12). In 1153 Henry of Anjou granted his lands to Ranulf, earl of Chester (d. 1153) [q. v.] (J. H. Round in English Historical Review, x. 91). Ranulf died the same year, being poisoned by Peverell, according to rumour (, i. 155; Robert de Monte in Chronicles of Stephen, &c., Rolls Ser. iv. 183).

In 1155, on Henry II's advance northwards, Peverell fled from Yorkshire to a monastery near Nottingham (probably Lenton); where he received the tonsure and assumed the monastic habit. But on Henry's approach to Nottinghamshire, he again fled (, i. 161). His lands were confiscated, this time on the pretext of his complicity in the death of Ranulf. The sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire accounted for his lands to the king in 1160 and 1165–1171 (see Pipe Rolls, Pipe Roll Soc.). Peverell probably concealed himself in some monastery. He is not heard of again.

[Authorities cited; Planché's Family of Peverell of Nottingham in Journal of British Archæological Association, viii. 198; Freeman's Norman Conquest and William Rufus, passim; Dugdale's Baronage of England, i. 437.]  PEYTO, WILLIAM (d. 1558), cardinal. [See .]

PEYTON, EDWARD (1588?–1657), parliamentarian, was eldest son and heir of Sir John Peyton of Isleham, Cambridgeshire, by his wife Alice, daughter of Sir Edward Osborne [q. v.] The father was M.P. for Cambridgeshire in 1592 and 1604, and high sheriff of the county in 1593 and 1604. He was knighted in 1596, and was eleventh on the list of eighteen on whom the dignity of baronet was first conferred on 22 May 1611. He died at Isleham on 19 Dec. 1616, and was buried beneath an elaborate monument in the church there. Edward was educated at Bury school and at Cambridge. On his marriage in 1604 his father gave him the manor of Great Bradley, Suffolk. On 4 Feb. 1610–11 he was knighted at Whitehall, and on 16 Aug. 1611 was admitted to Gray's Inn. He succeeded to the baronetcy and to the family estates at Isleham on his father's death in 1616. A staunch puritan in religion, he was elected M.P. for Cambridgeshire to the parliament meeting in 1621, and sat for the same constituency till the dissolution of the second parliament in Charles I's reign, in 1626. His intemperate displays of puritan zeal led the Duke of Buckingham to recommend, about 1627, his removal from the office of custos rotulorum for Cambridgeshire. Thenceforth Peyton was an avowed enemy of the court and of the established church. His temper was violent, and in October 1632 he was summoned before the Star-chamber for riotously waylaying some neighbours and provoking them to fight (Cal. State Papers, 1631–3, p. 424). In 1638 a warrant for his arrest was issued by Archbishop Laud and other members of the ecclesiastical commission court (ib. 1638–9, p. 206).

Peyton's estates suffered under his rule. Before 1642 he had alienated, with the enforced assent of his eldest son John, his chief property at Isleham, receiving annuities, it is said, for his own life and that of his heir. The manor of Wicken he made over to the eldest surviving son of his second marriage, Thomas, of Rougham, Suffolk.

In the war of pamphlets of 1641–2, which preceded the final breach between king and