Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 43.djvu/209

 ::Tale of the Times of good King Arthur,’ illustrated by Gustave Doré,’ London, 1859, 8vo. Pardon died suddenly on 5 Aug. 1884, at the Fleur de Lis Hotel, Canterbury, while on a visit to that city.
 * 1)   ‘Caleb Worthington's Wish.’
 * 2) ‘Illustrious Women who have distinguished themselves for Virtue, Piety, and Benevolence,’ London, [1868], 8vo.
 * 3) ‘Noble by Heritage,’ a novelette, London, 1877, 8vo; in addition to ‘The Little Traveller,’ ‘Parlour Pastimes,’ and numerous books for boys.

In 1847 he married Rosina Wade (she died in 1889), and he had three sons, Charles Frederick, Sydney Herbert, and Edgar Searles, all of whom were engaged in literature and journalism. His eldest son Charles Frederick Pardon, who died on 18 April 1890, edited ‘Wisden's Cricketer's Almanack’ (1887–90), and wrote, conjointly with A. S. Wilks, a work entitled ‘How to play Solo Whist.’



PARE, WILLIAM (1805–1873), co-operator, son of John Pare, cabinet-maker and upholsterer, of Birmingham, was born there in 1805. He was apprenticed to his father, but became a reporter. He subsequently engaged in business as a tobacco and cigar retailer in New Street, Birmingham. Early in life he helped to found a mechanics' institution in that town, and joined the small group of men who were trying to obtain a reform in the parliamentary representation. He also took part in the agitation for the repeal of the test and corporation acts, and for Roman catholic emancipation. On the formation of the ‘Political Union in 1830’ he became a member of the council, when he advocated extension of the suffrage, shorter parliaments, and vote by ballot. On 7 Aug. 1832 he drafted and moved in the parish church three resolutions against the payment of church rates. The petition, then adopted and sent by him to Hume, was the last presented to the unreformed House of Commons. When the ‘Reformers' Registration Society’ was established in 1835, Pare became secretary. He was the first registrar of Birmingham under the act legalising civil marriages (6 and 7 Will. iv. c. 85). As a member of the charter committee appointed in 1837, he actively promoted the incorporation of the town, and was a member of the first town council.

Meanwhile Pare had become widely known as an able disciple of [q. v.] Converted to his teaching by William Thompson of Cork, Pare was one of the founders in 1828 of the first Birmingham co-operative society, at the anniversary of which he presided on 28 Dec. 1829. In the following year he attracted notice by the lectures he gave in support of co-operation at Liverpool, Manchester, Bolton, Chester, and other places. From May 1830, when the first co-operative congress was held at Manchester, until 1838, he constantly attended the congresses as one of the secretaries. From 1832 he advocated the establishment of labour exchanges, and mainly through his efforts the one at Birmingham had some success. He was one of the trustees of the property bequeathed for co-operative purposes by William Thompson of Cork in 1833; and when the heirs-at-law instituted an action in the Irish court of chancery, he went to Ireland to watch over the interests of the trustees, lecturing at various co-operative centres on the way. He was vice-president of Owen's society, ‘The Association of all Classes of all Nations,’ of which the central board was established at Birmingham. He continued an active member of the board until its removal to London in 1840. Forced to resign his registrarship in consequence of his socialistic opinions, he left Birmingham in November 1842, when he was presented with a public testimonial. From 1842 to 1844 he was acting-governor of Owen's community at Queenwood, Hampshire. He removed to London in 1844, and as a railway statist he was frequently employed to prepare reports for presentation to parliament for some of the principal lines projected in England, on the continent, in India, Algeria, and in many other countries.

From 1846 to 1865 he lived near Dublin, engaged in the management of ironworks at Clontarf, Liverpool, and Chepstow. On Owen's death in 1858 he became his literary executor. He was honorary secretary to the committee by which the co-operative congress was called in 1869, and afterwards to the central board. He presided at the Owen centenary in 1871, and gave an address on the life of Owen. He died, after a long illness, on 18 June 1873, at the house of his son, Ruby Lodge, Park Hill, Croydon, and he was buried on 23 June in Shirley Churchyard, near Croydon. By his will he left all books, papers, and pictures in his possession relating to social subjects, together with 50l., to any institute or trust founded on the model of an Owen institute suggested by him.

Pare published:
 * 1) ‘The Claims of Capital and Labour, with a Sketch of practical