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 of the Government of India; he had made himself conspicuous as an intelligent, prompt, and self-reliant soldier, ready of resource, and stout of heart.’

The ‘Gazette’ announced that, had Neill lived, he would have been made a K.C.B., and his widow was declared to enjoy the same title and precedence to which she would have been entitled had her husband survived and been invested with the insignia of a K.C.B. The East India Company gave a liberal pension to the widow.

Memorials were erected in India in Neill's honour, and a colossal statue by Noble was erected in Wellington Square, in his native place, Ayr, in Scotland. Neill married, on 31 Oct. 1835, Isabella, daughter of Colonel Warde of the 5th regiment of Bengal cavalry, then employed as assistant to the resident at Nagpore. He left two sons.



NEILL or NEIL, PATRICK (d. 1705?), first printer in Belfast, was a native of Scotland. He was originally a printer in Glasgow. In 1694 he was brought over to Belfast by William Crafford, or Crawford, sovereign (mayor) of Belfast. Crafford, who was an enterprising merchant and a presbyterian, was placed on the burgess roll in 1686, and removed in 1706 in virtue of the act of parliament disqualifying dissenters; he sat for Belfast in the Irish parliaments of 1703 and 1707. To encourage Neill to introduce the printing business into Belfast, he entered into partnership with him. Neill's books are very rare; a few dated 1697 and 1698 are presumed to be his, but none bearing his imprint are known before 1699. Of that year there is an edition of ‘The Christian's Great Interest,’ by William Guthrie (1620–1665) [q. v.], ‘Belfast: Printed by Patrick Neill and Company,’ and an edition of ‘The Psalms of David in Meeter,’ with similar imprint. Appended to the latter is a list of three religious books ‘Printed and Sold by Patrick Neill.’ Of his press work in 1700 four small volumes are extant. ‘The Psalms of David in Meeter’ (of which a copy, bound in tortoiseshell and silver, belongs to the First Presbyterian Church, Belfast) bears the imprint, ‘Belfast, Printed by Patrick Neil (sic) and Company, 1700.’ An advertisement at the end of the ‘Psalms’ specifies a New Testament and six more religious books, including the ‘Pilgrim's Progress,’ as printed ‘by and for’ Neill; it is not probable that the New Testament was of his own printing. To 1700 also belong his edition of Matthew Mead's ‘Almost Christian,’ and Bunyan's ‘Sighs from Hell,’ a small volume of sermons by (1630?–1691) [q. v.], with life. At the end of the ‘Almost Christian’ is an advertisement specifying six more religious books as printed by Neill. In 1702 his imprint appears on a local work (the only instance), viz., ‘Advice for Assurance of Salvation,’ by Robert Craghead (d. 22 Aug. 1711), presbyterian minister of Derry. No later imprint of his is known. Neill's will bears date 21 Dec. 1704; hence it is presumed that he died in 1705. He mentions as executors his brother-in-law, [q. v.], who married his sister Abigail, and died on 16 Aug. 1759, leaving 40l. to the poor of Belfast (tablet formerly in the old church, now in the Old Poor House, Belfast), and Brice Blair (d. January 1722), bookseller and haberdasher, a prominent presbyterian and agent for distribution of regium donum in 1708. Blair was probably one of Neill's company. Neill left three young children, John, James, and Sarah, of whom John was to be brought up to his father's business by Blow. Patrick Neill (1776–1851) [q. v.] is said to have been a descendant of Neill.



NEILL, PATRICK (1776–1851), naturalist, was born in Edinburgh on 25 Oct. 1776, and spent his life in that city. He became the head of the large printing firm of Neill & Co., but during the last thirty years of his life he took little active part in its management. Early in his career he devoted his spare time to natural history, especially botany and horticulture. The Wernerian Natural History Society was established in 1808, and in 1809 the Caledonian Horticultural Society was founded. Neill was the first secretary of both societies, holding the latter post for forty years. In 1806 appeared his ‘Tour through Orkney and Shetland,’ 8vo, a work which gave rise to much discussion, owing to its exposure of the then prevalent misery. In 1814 he issued a translation, ‘An Account of the Basalts of Saxony, from the French of Dubuisson, with Notes,’ Edinburgh, 8vo. He was the author of the article ‘Gardening’ in the seventh edition of the ‘Encyclopædia Britannica,’ which, subsequently published under the title of ‘The Flower, Fruit, and Kitchen