Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 39.djvu/424

 MUSCHAMP, GEOFFREY (d. 1208), bishop of Lichfield and Coventry. [See .]

MUSGRAVE, ANTHONY (1828–1888), colonial administrator, son of Anthony Musgrave, M.D., of the island of Antigua, was born in 1828. He acted as private secretary to Mr. Mackenzie when governor-in-chief of the Leeward Islands in 1850-1. In the latter year he entered as a student at the Inner Temple, but was never called to the bar. He was appointed treasury accountant at Antigua in 1852, and colonial secretary there in 1854; administrator at Nevis in October 1860 and at St. Vincent's in April 1861, and lieutenant-governor of St. Vincent's in May 1862; governor of Newfoundland in April 1864, of British Columbia in January 1869, lieutenant-governor of Natal in May 1872, governor of South Australia in June 1873, governor-in-chief and captain-general in Jamaica in January 1877, and governor and commander-in-chief in Queensland in 1888.

Musgrave was made C.M.G. in 1871 and K.C.M.G. in 1875, and died at Brisbane, Queensland, in October 1888. He was twice married : first in 1854 to Christiana Elizabeth, daughter of the Hon. Sir William Byam of Antigua (she died in 1859); secondly, to Jeannie Lucinda, daughter of David Dudley Field of New York.

Musgrave was author of 'Studies in Political Economy,' London, 1875, 8vo, and of some pamphlets.

 MUSGRAVE, CHRISTOPHER (1632?–1704), statesman, third son of Sir Philip Musgrave [q. v.], bart., of Edenhall, and of Musgrave and Hartley Castle, Westmoreland, was born at Edenhall in 1631 or 1632. He matriculated from Queen's College, Oxford, on 10 July 1651, and graduated B.A. the same day. In 1654 he entered as a student of Gray's Inn. He suffered imprisonment in the Tower and other places for his adherence to the royal cause, and was concerned in the unsuccessful rising of Sir George Booth at Chester in 1659. After the Restoration he was given a commission as captain of a foot company in Carlisle garrison, and in 1663 made clerk of the robes to Queen Catherine. This post he nearly lost by non-attendance and through failure to have his accounts properly audited, but pleaded that he had been detained in the north by the disturbed state of the country due to Atkinson's rising. His company at Carlisle was disbanded in 1668, and in 1669 he was made a captain in the king's guards. In 1671 he was knighted, in 1672 served as mayor of Carlisle, and in 1677 became governor of Carlisle Castle on the death of his father. In 1681 he was nominated lieutenant-general of the ordnance, and in 1687 he succeeded as fourth baronet to the family honours on the death of his elder brother, Sir Richard.

Musgrave sat in parliament for forty-three years, from 1661 to his death, being M.P, for Carlisle 1661-90, Westmoreland 1690-5, Appleby 1695-8, Oxford University 1698-1700, Westmoreland 1700-1, Totnes 1701-2, Westmoreland 1702-4. He was a staunch supporter of the crown, and in the 'List of Court Pensioners in Parliament,' published in 1677 (said to be by Andrew Marvell), he appears as receiving 200l. a year. He strongly opposed the Exclusion Bill, and appears to have assisted in 1684 in the surrender of the charters of Carlisle and Appleby to the king (, Memoirs of the Reign of James II). But in 1687 he lost his post as lieutenant-general of the ordnance for refusing to support James II in repealing the test and penal laws. In the Convention parliament he was one of the few who opposed the resolution declaring the throne vacant, and became the leader of the high tories and the country gentlemen. In this position he carried on a fierce warfare with Sir John Lowther [q. v.], M.P. for Westmoreland, who had been made first lord of the treasury and leader of the House of Commons. Sir Christopher carried a proposal that the revenue of the king should be settled for only four years against Lowther, who wished it to be settled for life. In the parliament of 1692-3 Musgrave supported the Triennial Bill, thus joining the whigs out of office, but still opposing Lowther, who objected to the bill. After 1695 Musgrave played a less prominent part in parliament. But in 1696 he refused to sign the association formed by the commons for the defence of the king after the discovery of Barclay's assassination plot. In 1696 he also supported the resolution for the removal of Somers. When that motion was lost he argued for the resolution prohibiting foreigners from sitting in the privy council. In 1698, when a new grant had to be made to the king, Lowther proposed one million pounds, and Musgrave rose in indignation and proposed 700,000l., which was granted. This, says Onslow, was a prearrangement between the king and Musgrave, and had it not been for the tatter's intervention the king would have only obtained 500,000l. Musgrave received a large sum of money for his action, but as he was coming away from the king's closet one of the bags of guineas burst and 