Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 39.djvu/372

 Walter of Livingstone; and Agnes, married to Sir William Scott of Harden.

 MURRAY, GRENVILLE (1824–1881), whose full name was Eustace Clare Grenville Murray, journalist, was natural son of Richard Grenville, second duke of Buckingham and Chandos. Born in 1824, he matriculated from Magdalen Hall, Oxford, on 1 March 1848, and was entered a student of the Inner Temple in 1850. He attracted at an early age the notice of Lord Palmerston, at his instigation entered the diplomatic service, and was on 14 July 1851 sent as an attaché to the embassy at Vienna. Murray entered at the same time into an agreement with the 'Morning Post,' by which he undertook to act as Vienna correspondent. Such a contravention of the usages of the foreign office was by an accident brought to the notice of the British ambassador, Lord Westmorland, by whom Murray, though protected against dismissal by the interest of Palmerston, was ostracised from the British chancery. On 7 April 1852 he was temporarily transferred to Hanover, and on 19 Oct. of the same year he was appointed fifth paid attaché at Constantinople, where his relations with Lord Stratford de Redclyffe (then Sir Stratford Canning) were from the first the reverse of cordial, and resulted in his being banished as vice-consul to Mitylene. In 1854 appeared his admirably written 'Roving Englishman,' a series of desultory chapters on travel, in which the Turkish ambassador was satirised as Sir Hector Stubble. Palmerston was unwilling to recall Murray, but in 1855 he was transferred to Odessa as consul-general. He returned to England, after thirteen years of discord with the British residents in Odessa, in 1868, contributed to the first numbers of 'Vanity Fair,' and in the following year started a weekly journal of the most mordant type, entitled 'The Queen's Messenger,' a prototype of the later 'Society papers.' On 22 June 1869 Murray was horsewhipped by Lord Carrington, at the door of the Conservative Club in St. James's Street, for a slander upon his father, Robert John, second lord Carrington. The assault was made under strong provocation. Lord Carrington was prosecuted by Murray, and was found guilty at the Middlesex sessions on 22 July, but was only ordered to appear for judgment when called upon. Meanwhile, on 17 July, Murray had been charged at Bow Street with perjury in denying the authorship of the article in dispute. He was remanded on bail until the 29th, but before that date he withdrew to Paris, and practically exiled himself from this country. He became well known in the French capital as the Comte de Rethel d'Aragon, taking the title of the Spanish lady whom he had married. He produced several novels, but was more at home in short satirical pieces, and wrote innumerable essays and sketches, caustic in matter and incisive in style, for the English and American press. He was Paris correspondent of the 'Daily News' and the 'Pall Mall Gazette,' was one of the early writers in the 'Cornhill Magazine' and in the 'World,' of which he was for a short time joint proprietor, and contributed character sketches to the 'Illustrated London News,' and 'Queer Stories' to 'Truth.' He was certainly one of the most accomplished journalists of his day. He probably did more than any single person to initiate the modern type of journal, which is characterised by a tone of candour with regard to public affairs, but owes its chief attraction to the circulation of private gossip, largely by means of hint and innuendo. He died at Passy on 20 Dec., and was buried in Paris on 24 Dec. 1881.

Murray's chief works were: 1. 'Droits et Devoirs des Envoyes Diplomatiques,' London, 1853, 12mo: the nucleus of 'Embassies and Foreign Courts,' published two years later. 2. 'The Roving Englishman' (reprinted from 'Household Words'), 1854, 8vo. 3. 'Pictures from the Battlefields,' 1856, 8vo, a propos of the Crimean campaigns. 4. 'Sport and its Pleasures,' 1859, 8vo. 5. 'The Oyster: where, how, and when to find, breed, cook, and eat it,' 1861, London, 12mo. 6. 'The Member for Paris: a Tale of the Second Empire,' 1871, 8vo (French translation, 1876). 7. 'Men of the Second Empire,' 1872, 8vo. 8. 'Men of the Third Republic,' 1873, 8vo (two French editions). 9. 'Young Brown; or the Law of Inheritance,' 1874, 8vo. This first appeared in the 'Cornhill Magazine,' and is partly autobiographical (French translation, 1875). 10. 'The Boudoir Cabal,' 1875, 8vo (French translation, 1876). 11. 'Turkey: being Sketches from Life,' 1877, 8vo. 12. 'The Russians of To-day,' 1878, 8vo (French translation, 1878). 13. 'Round about France,' 1878, 8vo: a series of interesting papers which originally appeared in the 'Daily News.' 14. 'Lucullus, or Palatable Essays,' 1878, 8vo. 15. 'Side Lights on English Society; or Sketches from Life, Social and Satirical,' 1881, 2 vols. 8vo: a series of gross satires upon social and political personages in England, with an ironical