Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 38.djvu/233

  Bridges's Northamptonshire, ii. 347-8, 350-1; Carter's Cambridge, p. 375; Blomefield's Norfolk, vii. 442; Clarendon's Hist. of the Rebellion, ed. Macray, bk. vi. par. 35, xvi. par. 153-6; Lords' Journals, vols. iii. v. vi. ix. x.; Harl. MSS. 7038 f. 356, 2224 ff. 32-7, 47, 49; Yorkshire Diaries (Surtees Soc. vol. lxv.), i. 142; Official List of Members of Parliament, pt. i. pp. 439, 445, 452, 490, 532; monument in Chiddingly Church; Parl. Hist. iii. col. 1518; admission registers of Sidney Sussex College, per the master; P.C.C. Twisse, 99.]  MONTAGU, EDWARD, second (1602–1671), born in 1602, was the eldest son of Sir Henry Montagu, first earl of Manchester [q. v.], by Catherine, second daughter of Sir William Spencer of Yarnton in Oxfordshire, who was the third son of Sir John Spencer of Althorp, Lincolnshire. After a desultory education, he entered Sidney Sussex College Cambridge, on 27 Jan. 1618 (Admission Registers). He represented the county of Huntingdon in the parliaments of 1623-4, 1625, and 1625-6. In 1623 he attended Prince Charles in Spain, and was by him created a knight of the Bath at his coronation on 1 Feb. 1625-6. On 22 May 1626, through the influence of the Duke of Buckingham, he was raised to the upper house with the title of Baron Montagu of Kimbolton. In the same year he became known by the courtesy title of Viscount Mandeville, on his father being created Earl of Manchester. Being allowed but a small income from his father, Mandeville resided little in London, and mixed much with the relations of his second wife, the daughter of Robert Rich, second earl of Warwick. By them he was led to lean towards the puritan party, and to detach himself from the court.

On 24 April 1640, during the sitting of the Short parliament, he voted with the minority against the king on the question of the precedency of supply (Cal. State Papers, 1640, p. 66). In June 1640 he signed the hesitating reply sent by some of the peers to Lord Warriston's curious appeal to them to aid the Scots in an invasion of England [see ] (, Fall of Charles I, p. 402;, MS. Memoirs in Addit. MS. 15567, ff. 7-8). Mandeville signed the petition of the twelve peers (28 Aug. 1640) urging the king to call a parliament, and with Lord Howard of Escrick presented it to Charles on 5 Sept. In the same month he obeyed the king's summons to the grand council of peers at York, and was one of those chosen to treat with the Scottish commissioners at Ripon on 1 Oct. In the negotiations he took an active part, passing frequently to and fro between Ripon and York, urging an accommodation (Harl. MS. 456, ff. 38-40), and drawing up the articles (, Treaty of Ripon, pp. 44,55).

Mandeville was during the early sittings of the Long parliament an acknowledged leader of the popular and puritan party in the lords. He was in complete accord with Pym, Hampden, Fiennes, and St. John, and he held constant meetings with them in his house at Chelsea (, Diary of Correspondence, iv. 75-6). On the discovery of the ‘first army plot,’ in May 1641, he was despatched by the lords to Portsmouth with a warrant to examine the governor [see Goring, George (1608-1657) (DNB00), ], and to send him up to London to appear before parliament (Lords' Journals, iv. 238). He was one of the sixteen peers chosen as a committee to transact business during the adjournment from 9 Sept. to 20 Oct. 1641. On 24 Dec. he protested against the adjournment of the debate on the removal of Sir Thomas Lunsford [q. v.] from the command of the Tower.

His position was very clearly defined when his name was joined with those of the five members who were impeached by the king of high treason on 3 Jan. 1642, although his inclusion appears to have been an afterthought (Nicholas Papers, Camden Soc., i. 62). When the articles of impeachment were read, Mandeville at once offered, ‘with a great deal of cheerfulness,’ to obey the commands of the house, and demanded that, ‘as he had a public charge, so he might have a public clearing’ (Lords' Journals, iv. 501). This demand he reiterated in the house on 11 Jan., and again on 13 Jan., notwithstanding the message from the king waiving the proceedings (ib. pp. 505, 511). A bill was finally passed by both houses in March 1642 (ib. p. 649), clearing him from the accusation (cf. v. 564).

Having thus identified himself with the popular party, he was among the few peers who remained with the parliament in August 1642, and in the following month he took command of a regiment of foot in Essex's army. When the king retired to Oxford, Mandeville (who had succeeded his father as Earl of Manchester in November) returned to London and occupied himself in raising money for the army (Comm. for the Advance of Money, p. 1), and in the negotiations for the cessation of arms. He was made lord-lieutenant of Huntingdonshire and Northamptonshire by the parliament in 1642. On the first suspicion of the Tomkins and Challoner plot [see ], Manchester, with Viscount Saye and Sele and others, managed (on Sunday, 28 May 1643) to elicit from Roe, a clerk of Tomkins, so many Rh