Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 37.djvu/109

 thedral church of St. Paul's, on a scale that rendered it ultimately the vastest of all the cathedrals of England, by which, and by the general efficiency of his rule, his faulty moral character, ‘vir moribus non usquequaque probatissimis,’ was held by his contemporaries to be atoned for (, p. 145). He died 26 Sept. 1107. 

MAURICE (fl. 1210), epigrammatist, generally styled and, was a native of Glamorgan. Giraldus Cambrensis, who describes him as a resident in Glamorgan and calls him ‘vir bonus et copiose litteratus,’ says he was the brother of Clement, abbot of Neath, and narrates a vision attributed to him (‘De Principis Instructione,’ dist. iii. cap. 28, in Giraldi Camb. Opera, Rolls ed. viii. 310). According to Bale (1st ed. fol. 98a), he wrote a volume of epigrams (cf. loc. cit.) and several works ‘in patrio sermone.’

Maurice is probably to be identified with (fl. 1250), treasurer of Llandaff, who is said (in Iolo MSS. pp. 222, 638), on the authority of Iago ab Dewi [q. v.], to have been the author of ‘Y Cwtta Cyfarwydd,’ and of a ‘History of the whole Isle of Britain,’ a ‘Book of Proverbs,’ ‘Rules of Welsh Poetry,’ ‘Welsh Theology,’ and a Welsh translation of the Gospel of St. John (with a commentary). Iago ab Dewi declares that the last work was at Abermarlais, Carmarthenshire, a century before his time. No trace of these works has, it is believed, been found. The existing copy of ‘Y Cwtta Cyfarwydd’ (Hengwrt MS. 34; cf. the extracts in Iolo MSS. p. 336, and Y Cymmrodor, ix. 325) was written about 1445, and according to the Glamorgan tradition of the seventeenth century, by Gwilym Tew, the poet (Arch. Cambr. for 1869, p. 218); but it may of course have been largely copied from an older manuscript. Meuryg is improbably said (in, Eminent Welshmen, s.v., but on what authority is unknown) to have died in 1290; the date is far too late. 

MAURICE, (1620–1652), the third son of Frederick V, elector palatine of the Rhine, and Elizabeth, daughter of James I, was born on 25 Dec. 1620 (or on 6 Jan.), at the castle of Custrin during Elizabeth's flight from Prague after the battle of the White Mountain (19 Nov. 1620) (, Prince Rupert, i. 40;, Lives of the Princesses of England, v. 353). At first Maurice was placed under the care of the electress of Brandenburg, his mother's sister-in-law, but soon removing to Holland, he and his elder brother Rupert were in 1637 sent to learn the art of war in the army of the Prince of Orange (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1637, pp. 128, 201, 206, 235). They showed considerable bravery at the siege of Breda in 1638 (, i. 80). In the same year Maurice, with his brother Edward, was sent to a French university, and he remained there till the end of 1639 (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1639, p. 39). He then returned to Holland, and possibly studied at Leyden (see satire on Maurice in, Civil War in Herefordshire, i. 286). In December 1640 he served in Banier's army till June 1641, being present at the siege of Amberg in January 1641 (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1640, pp. 294, 430, 469). Maurice soon afterwards joined Rupert at the Hague, and the brothers crossed over to England. They landed at Tynemouth in August 1642 (ib. 1642, p. 11;, i. 109, 110), and they remained in England till July 1646.

During the early days of the civil war Rupert and Maurice were together. They were present at the raising of the standard at Nottingham (22 Aug. 1642), and were zealous in raising troops for the king. They were consequently declared traitors by the parliament (, Breviary, ed. Maseres, i. 53). Marching west with the main army, Maurice was present at the skirmish at Powick Bridge, being ‘slightly wounded on the head’ (23 Sept. 1642) (Pyne's ‘Narrative’ in, i. 465; Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1642, p. 395); and still following the fortunes of his brother, he took part in the capture of Cirencester, 2 Feb. 1643 (, Bibliotheca Gloucestrensis, p. 171). A month later Maurice separated from Rupert, and was given independent command, being on 2 March commissioned to protect Gloucestershire, and to levy money for that purpose (, Oxford Docquets, p. 13). The chief part of his work was to check the victorious progress of William Waller in those parts (, Hist. of the Rebellion, ed. 1888, bk. vii. §§ 29, 30). On 11 April 1643 Waller was beaten in a skirmish at Little Dean; and on the next day Maurice succeeded in crossing the Severn, and defeated Waller and Massey at Ripple Field, on their return from the capture of Tewkesbury (, i. 252;, p. 33). Maurice was now called away to help the king to raise the siege of Reading, but shortly returned to the west as lieutenant-general under the Marquis of