Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 36.djvu/280

 2. The Pope's Primacy as pretended successive to St. Peter's. 3. The Authority of the Apostolical Constitutions and Canons. 4. The Discovery of the Genuine Works of the Primitive Fathers. 5. The false Brotherhood of the French and English Presbyterians. Together with his character of divers English travelers in the time of our late troubles. Communicated by five pious and learned Letters in the time of his exile,' London, 1662, 12mo.

[Addit. MSS. 5808 f. 150, 5847 p. 80, 5876 f. 20; Dean Barwick's Life, Engl. edit., p. 32; Bentham's Ely, p. 234; Cambridge Antiquarian Communications, ii. 152; Carter's Cambridge, p. 187; Foster's Alumni Oxon. 1500–1714; Cosins's Opinion for communicating with Geneva rather than Rome, pp. 12, 16; Kennett's Register and Chronicle, pp. 47, 99, 100, 117, 221; Troubles and Tryal of Archbishop Laud, p. 368; Le Neve's Fasti (Hardy), i. 348, iii. 685; Lloyd's Memoires, 1677, pp. 461, 531; Lowndes's Bibl. Man. (Bohn), p. 1489; Nalson's Collections, i. 354; Prynne's Canterburies Doome, pp. 167, 170, 177, 359, 508, 510, 533; Quench-Coale, Pref. p. 23; Querela Cantab. p. 4; Searle's Hist. of Queen's College, p. 572; True Relation of the manner of taking the Earl of Northampton, 1642; Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, ii. 154.]  MARTIN, ELIAS (1740?–1811), painter, engraver, and associate of the Royal Academy, was born in Sweden about 1740, and came to England about 1766. He appears to have been one of the early students of the Royal Academy, and in 1769 exhibited at the second exhibition, in Pall Mall, two pictures, 'A View of Westminster Bridge, with the King of Denmark's Procession by Water, taken from Mr. Searle's Timter Yard,' and a landscape, and also two drawings, 'A View in Sweden' and 'A Watchman Sleeping.' In 1770 he exhibited 'A Picture of the Royal Plaister Academy,' 'A View of Hanover Square,' and two others. In 1771 he was elected an associate of the Royal Academy, and was then residing in Dean Street, Soho. In that year he exhibited 'A View of the King's Palace at Stockholm ' and three landscapes. He continued to exhibit in 1773 and 1774, in which year he removed to Leicester Street, Leicester Fields, and again in 1777, 1779, and 1780. His contributions were varied, comprising landscapes with figures, views of gentlemen's seats, small water-colour or crayon portraits, tasteful and humorous costume or domestic subjects, and engravings from his own designs, in a manner imitating red chalk. In 1776 he exhibited for the only time at the Free Society of Artists. After 1780 he returned to Sweden, where he became court painter to the king of Sweden at Stockholm. He returned to England in 1790, and sent from Bath eight pictures to the Royal Academy. At Stockholm, Martin was considered, or at least considered himself, the first landscape-painter in Sweden. His later works had, however, very little merit. He engraved a number of small domestic subjects from his own designs in stipple or red chalk manner, and also a large family group of himself and his children, entitled 'A Family Concert.' He had two sons, Carolus, a cabinetmaker, and John, an artist. Martin died at Stockholm in 1811.

His brother, (1745–1808), engraver, born at Stockholm in 1745, came with him to England, resided with him, made numerous engravings in the red chalk manner from his drawings, and returned with him to Stockholm. There his engravings after Deprez, Skioldebrand, and other native artists were well known. He died at Stockholm in 1808.

 MARTIN, FRANCIS (1652–1722), Augustinian divine, sprung from one of the fourteen tribes of Galway, was born there in 1652, but soon joined in the exodus caused by Cromwell's policy in Ireland, and entered the university of Louvain. His promotion in the faculty of arts is recorded in 1675, and his subsequent distinctions procured him the office of lector in theology in the convent of St. Martin of the Augustinian order at Louvain. Martin threw himself energetically into the controversies then raging concerning Jansenism, the infallibility of the pope, and the rights of the Galilean church (cf. Avis Salutaires à Messieurs les Protestans et Deliberam de Louvain, and Avertissement touchant les prétendus Avis Salutaires, Louvain, 1719); his vehement espousal of the ultramontane party led his adversaries to charge him with being a tool in the hands of the Jesuits. In 1683 he became professor of Greek in the College des Trois Langues (or Collegium Buslidianum as it is frequently called, after the name of its founder, Buslidius), and in 1686 he wrote a thesis defending the infallibility of the pope and attacking the Gallican church. Either in 1687 or early in 1688 he apparently visited England. While there he suggested, in a letter to the papal nuncio, means by which James might meet the impending crisis; he entered minutely into military details, and advocated the, assassination of William of Orange (L'État Present de la Faculté de Theologie de Louvain.