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 with autograph notes and corrections, are now in Brit. Mus. Additional MSS. 28192–5.

Her other works were: 1. ‘Loose Remarks on certain Positions to be found in Mr. Hobbes's “Philosophical Rudiments of Government and Society”’ [anon.] 1767; 2nd edit. with name on title-page, 1769. 2. ‘Reply to Burke's pamphlet entitled “Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents”’ [anon.], 1770. 3. ‘A Modest Plea for the Property of Copyright,’ 1774, which produced ‘Modest Exceptions from the Court of Parnassus to Mrs. Macaulay's Modest Plea,’ 1774. Horace Walpole stigmatised this pamphlet of Mrs. Macaulay as ‘very bad, marking dejection and sickness.’ 4. ‘Address to the People of England, Scotland, and Ireland on the present important Crisis of Affairs,’ Bath, 1775; 2nd edit. 1775. It vehemently opposed the Quebec Act and the taxation of America. 5. ‘History of England from the Revolution to the Present Time, in a Series of Letters to a Friend’ [the Rev. Dr. Wilson], vol. i. Bath, 1778. It was not successful, and no more was published. 6. ‘Treatise on the Immutability of Moral Truth,’ 1783. Samuel Badcock [q. v.] praised this treatise very highly, saying Mrs. Macaulay ‘is not only a bold and fervid writer, but a shrewd and acute reasoner’ (Gent. Mag. 1789, ii. p. 777). The greater part of it was embodied in a larger volume called 7. ‘Letters on Education, with Observations on Religious and Metaphysical Subjects.’ 8. ‘Observations on the Reflections of the Right Hon. Edmund Burke on the Revolution in France, in a Letter to the Earl of Stanhope’ [anon.], 1790.

‘A Catalogue of Tracts,’ 1790, is marked in the copy at the British Museum as describing her collection of historical tracts, and several letters from the Rev. A. M. Toplady [q. v.] to her are contained in his ‘Works,’ vi. 190–266.

 MACAULAY, JAMES BUCHANAN (1793–1859), Canadian judge, born at Niagara, Ontario, Canada, 3 Dec. 1793, was second son of James Macaulay, M.D., who went with the queen's rangers to Canada in 1792, and was afterwards inspector-general of hospitals. James served as an ensign in the 98th regiment. In 1812 he joined the Glengarry fencibles as a lieutenant, and fought during the war with America at Ogdensburg, Oswego, Lundy's Lane, and at the siege of Fort Erie. At the close of the war in 1815 his corps was disbanded, and after studying law he was admitted to the Canadian bar in 1822. He rose rapidly in his profession, and was an executive councillor during the administration of Sir Peregrine Maitland [q. v.] He was first appointed temporary judge of the court of queen's bench, and permanent judge in 1829. On the first establishment of the court of common pleas in December 1849 he was made the chief justice, and continued to preside there until his retirement on a pension in 1856, but afterwards became judge of the court of error and appeal. As chairman of the commission appointed to revise and consolidate the statutes of Canada and Upper Canada, Macaulay helped to reduce the whole statutory law of the country from its conquest to his own time into three volumes, a work of great labour and corresponding value, which he just lived to see completed. He was gazetted C.B. 30 Nov. 1858, and knighted by patent 13 Jan. 1859. He died at Toronto, 26 Nov. 1859. His wife, whom he married in 1821, was Rachel Crookshank, daughter of John Gamble, M.D., surgeon in the queen's rangers. She died 17 July 1883, aged 83.

[Law Times, 19 May 1860, p. 118, 15 Dec. p. 86; Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biog. iv. 73.]  MACAULAY, JOHN (1720–1789), divine, son of Angus Macaulay, and grandfather of the historian. [See under .]

MACAULAY, KENNETH (1723–1779), alleged author of a ‘History of St. Kilda,’ was the third son of Aulay Macaulay (1673–1758), minister of Harris in the Hebrides, by Margaret Morison. He was educated at King's College, Aberdeen, where he graduated M.A. on 1 April 1742. On 15 Nov. 1749 he was appointed missionary to Lochaber, but declined it, and on 20 Nov. 1751 he was ordained as assistant and successor to his father, whom he succeeded as sole pastor in 1750.