Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 34.djvu/346



Supplement to the Knight's Answer and Featley's Funeral Sermon.’ This work was reprinted, with the ‘Via Tuta’ and ‘Via Devia,’ in Blakeney's edition of Gibson's ‘Preservative against Popery,’ vols. iv. and v., 1849. ‘Via Tuta’ was also reissued in 1848, and a French translation of it and of ‘Via Devia’ is dated 1645.

 LYNDHURST,. [See Copley, John Singleton (1772-1863) (DNB00), 1772–1863, lord chancellor.]  LYNDSAY, DAVID (1490–1555), Scottish poet. [See Lindsay, David (1490-1555) (DNB00).]  LYNDWOOD, WILLIAM (1375?–1446), civilian, canonist, and bishop of Hereford, son of John Lyndwood of Lyndwood (now Linwood), near Market Rasen, Lincolnshire, by Alice his wife, was born at Lyndwood probably about 1375. His name is variously spelt Lyndewode, Lindewood, Lyndwood, and Lindwood. He was educated at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, and was a fellow of Pembroke Hall, but removed to Oxford, where he graduated LL.D. Having taken holy orders he was preferred to the rectory of Walton-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire, which he resigned in 1409. On 23 Feb. 1411-12 he was collated to the prebend of Ruscomb in the church of Salisbury; on 1 Aug. 1414 he was appointed Archbishop Chichele's official of the court of Canterbury, and in 1417 he was licensed to preach in Latin and English. On 9 Oct. 1418 he was collated to the rectory of Allhallows, Bread Street, London, and in the following year to the prebend of Taunton, to that of Hunderton in the church of Hereford on 13 Nov. 1422, and on 3 May 1424 to that of Bishopstone in the church of Salisbury. As official of Canterbury he took an active part in the persecution of William Claydon and William Taylor [q. v.] the lollards [see ]. He was the chosen representative of the clergy in the synods held at London to discuss the relations of the clergy with the crown in 1419, 1421, 1424, and 1425, all of which exhibited an extremely niggardly spirit in the matter of tenths. In 1425 he visited Oxford with a commission from Chichele to discover and correct 'heretical pravity' of opinion and practice. In the following year he was made dean of the arches, in 1433 rector of Wimbledon and archdeacon of Oxford, and in 1434 archdeacon of Stow in the church of Lincoln.

As the associate of Henry Ware, keeper of the privy seal, afterwards bishop of Chichester, in the negotiation at Calais of a prolongation of the truce with John, duke of Burgundy, Lyndwood began in July 1417 what proved a distinguished career in the public service. In 1422 he was sent with Thomas, baron of Carreu, to Portugal, to negotiate a subsidiary treaty with that country. In the following year he accompanied Bishop Kemp, afterwards archbishop of Canterbury, on his mission to France [see Kemp, John (1380?-1447) (DNB00) or ]. He had already begun the composition of his great compendium of canon law, called the 'Provinciale' or 'Provincial Constitutions,' but its progress was much retarded by his multifarious official duties. He was one of the negotiators of the truce with Spain, signed 8 Nov. 1430, and was appointed secondary in the office of privy seal the same year; he supplied the place of the chancellor John Kemp, then archbishop of York and in ill-health, at the opening of parliament on 12 Jan. 1430-1, when he preached a many-headed sermon on the blessings of unity from 1 Chron. xxii. 10. He was also one of the councillors in attendance on the young king (Henry VI) in France in the following summer. On the assembling of the council of Basel (1433) he published as king's proctor a formal protest against aught that might be done in derogation of the rights of the king of England, and a little later another protest against the change in the method of voting recently made at the council. In March 1432-3 he presided over a commission for adjusting certain differences with the Duke of Brittany, and the same year was sworn of the privy council and appointed keeper of the privy seal. In June 1435 he was employed on a mission to the dauphin. He was one of the plenipotentiaries at the congress of Arras, July-September following, and was one of the negotiators of a treaty of amity and commerce with the Teutonic knights and the Hanseatic league, dated 22 March 1436-7; of a treaty providing for a truce of nine years with the Scots, dated 20 March 1437-8, and of two subsidiary treaties concluded on 12 Dec. 1439 with the Bishop of Münster and the Count of Mark respectively. He was also one of the commissioners, appointed 4 Feb. 1438-9, to negotiate a treaty of amity with the Archbishop of Cologne, and his name appears in two other commissions of a diplomatic nature, one of 24 Dec. 1439 for prolonging the truce with Flanders, the other, dated 14 July 1441, for negotiating a commercial treaty with Holland, Zealand, and Friesland. He stood high in favour with Henry VI, who in a letter to Pope Eugenius IV, dated 2 July 1438, 