Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 34.djvu/267

 edited by Isaac Littlebury, the translator of Herodotus (Regicides no Saints nor Martyrs, 8vo, 1700, p. 8;, Political Conferences, ed. 1781, p. 89). A manuscript of the ‘Memoirs’ was a short time ago in the possession of a relative, but has recently disappeared. The ‘Memoirs’ give a curious and interesting picture of the civil war in Wiltshire and of campaigning life in Ireland; but their chief historical value lies in their faithful representation of the ideas of the republican party, in the account given of their opposition to Cromwell, and of the factions which caused the overthrow of the republic after its restoration in 1659. Ludlow is an honest and truthful writer, but often inaccurate and confused in his chronology, and extremely prejudiced in his judgments. An anonymous critic published in 1698 ‘A modest Vindication of Oliver Cromwell from the Unjust Accusations of Lieutenant-general Ludlow in his Memoirs, together with some Observations on the Memoirs in general’ (reprinted in the Somers Tracts, vi. 416, ed. Scott). Carlyle, writing with a similar object, styles Ludlow an honest, dull man, and habitually refers to him as ‘wooden-headed’ (Cromwell, Introduction, chap. ii.) Guizot, in the valuable life and criticism prefixed to his edition of the ‘Memoirs,’ describes Ludlow's mind as ‘naturally limited and obtuse,’ and Ludlow as ‘incapable of comprehending events and men.’ Nevertheless his faithful adherence to his principles compels respect, and his stubborn courage excellently qualified him to maintain untenable positions and lost causes. The republicans and advanced whigs of the next century cherished his memory, and adopted his views of Cromwell and the Commonwealth.

Besides the ‘Memoirs’ Ludlow's only published work is the answer to Sir Hardress Waller already mentioned (A Letter from Sir Hardress Waller … to Lieutenant-general Ludlow, with his Answer, 4to, 1680). In 1691–2 three pamphlets were published under his name, though pretty certainly written by some other person: 1. ‘A Letter from Major-general Ludlow to Sir Edward Seymour, comparing the Tyranny of the first four years of King Charles the Martyr with the Tyranny of the four years' Reign of the late abdicated King,’ 4to, 1691. 2. ‘A Letter from General Ludlow to Dr. Hollingworth [see ], defending his former Letter to Sir Edward Seymour,’ 4to, 1691. 3. ‘Ludlow no Liar, or a Detection of Dr. Hollingworth's Disingenuity,’ &c., 4to, 1692. All three are said to be printed at Amsterdam, and were reprinted by Maseres in 1812: ‘Three Tracts … entitled Ludlow's Letters.’ 

LUDLOW, GEORGE JAMES, third and last (1758–1842), general, born on 12 Dec. 1758, was second son of Peter, first earl Ludlow, comptroller of the household to George III, and his wife, the Lady Francis Lumley, eldest daughter of Thomas, third earl of Scarborough. On 17 May 1778 he was appointed ensign 1st footguards (now Grenadier guards), in which he became lieutenant and captain on 16 March 1781, captain and lieutenant-colonel on 24 Nov. 1790, and regimental major on 9 May 1800. He was appointed brevet-colonel in 1795, major-general in 1798, lieutenant-general in 1805, and general in 1814. He embarked for America with the drafts in the spring of 1781, and was with Lord Cornwallis at the surrender of York Town on 17 Oct. 1781. Washington sent him to New York with despatches relating to Captain (afterwards Sir) Charles Asgill [q. v.] He returned home in November 1782. In 1793 he was selected for the command of one of the four light companies then added to his regiment (, ii. 275). He served in Flanders in 1793–4, and lost his left arm in the affair near Roubaix on 17 May 1794 (ib. ii. 304). In 1798 he was on the home district staff, and in 1800 proceeded to Ireland with the 2nd brigade of guards, consisting of the 1st battalions of Coldstream and 3rd (now Scots) guards, which he commanded in the Vigo expedition and in the Egyptian campaign of 1801, including the battles before Alexandria and the blockade of that city, but in August 1801 he was transferred to a line brigade. When in camp at Alexandria, before the breaking-up of the army, the brigade of guards presented him with a gold vase, now in the Guards' Club. He held major-general's commands in the eastern counties and in Kent during the invasion alarms of 1803–4, and commanded a division in the Hanover expedition of 1805, and in the Copenhagen expedition of 1807.

Ludlow was made K.B. on 26 Sept. 1804, and G.C.B. on the reconstitution of the order in 1815. He succeeded his brother, the second peer, as Earl Ludlow, Viscount Preston, and Baron Ludlow, all in the peerage of Ireland,