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 bouring abbey of Le Pin. It was reported at Poitiers that when he expired a stream as of tears was seen to flow from a crucifix in the cathedral church; but in England his death was a subject of rejoicing.

The haughtiness, the arrogance, and the greed of power for himself and his relatives, which the English people justly resented in him, are virtues compared with the crimes laid to his charge by Gerald of Wales; but Gerald's accusations, as Bishop Stubbs says, ‘defeat themselves.’ No man who was seriously suspected of such immorality as Gerald imputes to William could have been not merely tolerated in the offices of bishop and legate, but actually and successfully recommended by the whole body of English bishops to Pope Celestine III for a renewal of the legation at the opening of his struggle with John (Gesta Ric. ii. 242, 243), and this without a word of protest from clerk or layman during his life, or of reprobation from historians after his death. Nor could a man guilty of atrocious crime have been regarded by John as one whom the chapter of Canterbury were likely to choose for primate (Epp. Cantuar. ed. Stubbs, p. 394), nor have been quoted by the same chapter as a weighty authority on their side in their controversy with Hubert Walter (ib. p. 538), nor chosen by the satirist-monk, Nigel Wireker, to receive the dedication of his treatise on the clerical corruptions of the time, nor publicly addressed by him in terms of respect and admiration, as well as of warm personal friendship (Anglo-Norm. Satir. Poems, ed. Wright, i. 152, 153, 157). William of Newburgh had no worse epithet for him than ‘tyrant;’ Richard of Devizes described him as ‘a man of mark, whose physical deficiencies were outweighed by the greatness of his mind.’ The Winchester annalist (Ann. Monast. ed. Luard, ii. 64) praised his worldly wisdom, his eloquence, and his unalterable loyalty to an attachment once formed. His loyalty to his royal friend seems in truth to have been at once his most conspicuous virtue, and the source of his gravest political errors. It was mainly by his unscrupulous overriding of every other consideration in the pursuit of what he regarded as Richard's interests that he brought upon himself the hatred and the vengeance of Richard's English subjects.

 LONGDEN, HENRY ERRINGTON (1819–1890), general, son of Thomas Hayter Longden, was born in January 1819. He was educated at Eton and at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He was appointed to an ensigncy without purchase in the 10th foot on 16 Sept. 1836. His subsequent commissions—all the regimental ones in the 10th foot—were lieutenant 1840, captain 1843, brevet-major 1849, major 1850, brevet-lieutenant-colonel 1856, lieutenant-colonel 1858, colonel 1859, major-general 1872, lieutenant-general 1877. He retired, with honorary rank of general, 1880. After taking a certificate of proficiency in higher mathematics and military drawing at the senior department, Royal Military College, in May 1842, he served with his regiment in India, and was present in the first Sikh war of 1845–6, including the battle of Sobraon (medal), and in the second Sikh war of 1848–1849, including the two sieges of Mooltan, where he commanded the regiment at the attack on the heights on 27 Sept. 1848, and was acting field-engineer at the fall of the city. He was also at the capture of Cheniote and the final victory at Goojerat (medal and two clasps and brevet of major), and he served in the mutiny in 1857–8. In September 1857, before Sir Colin Campbell advanced from Allahabad, he despatched Longden from Benares with a small field-force, to assist the Nepâl troops in driving the rebels from the Azimghur and Jounpore districts. Longden commanded a party of picked marksmen, covering Brigadier Franks's force in the advance to Lucknow [see ], and was attached to the Ghoorkhas during the siege and capture of the city (mentioned in despatches). He was with Lord Mark Kerr at the first relief of Azimghur on 6 April 1858, and was chief of the staff of Brigadier (Sir) Edward Lugard's force at the second relief of Azimghur, and the operations in the Jugdespore jungles (medal and clasps). Longden afterwards retired on half-pay, and was adjutant-general in India in 1866–9.

Longden was a K.C.B. and C.S.I., and colonel in succession of the 2nd Hampshire regiment (late 67th foot) and of his old corps, the Lincolnshire regiment (late 10th foot). He died in London on 29 Jan. 1890, from a chill taken at the public funeral of his old friend Lord Napier of Magdala. 