Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 33.djvu/237

  4to.  ‘A Commentary upon the Acts of the Apostles, chapters i–xii.,’ London, 1645, 4to.  ‘The Temple Service as it stood in the Dayes of our Saviour,’ London, 1649, 4to; dedicated to William Lenthall, speaker of the House of Commons.  ‘The Temple, especially as it stood in the Days of our Saviour,’ London, 1650, 4to; also dedicated to Lenthall; a manuscript copy is in Chetham's Library, Manchester.  ‘Concerning the Anathema Maranatha,’ 1652.  ‘On the Canon of Scripture,’ 1652.  ‘Collatio Pentateuchi Hebraicæ cum Samarabico,’ London, 1660.  Some posthumous ‘Remains, viz.: (1) Rules for a Student of the Holy Scriptures; (2) Meditations upon some Abstruse Points of Divinity; (3) An Exposition of two select Articles of the Apostles' Creed, viz. the Holy Catholic Church and the Communion of Saints,’ 1700.

The first collected edition of Lightfoot's works—all translated into English—was published in London in 1684 (2 vols. fol.), revised and corrected by George Bright, rector of Loughborough, dedicated to Mary, princess of Orange, and prefaced by a memoir of Lightfoot by John Strype, with an account of Lightfoot's papers. The second volume contains the ‘Horæ,’ which are described as ‘published by the care and industry of John Strype,’ and are specially dedicated to Henry Compton, bishop of London. The volume concludes with forty-six sermons, and ‘a discourse upon the fourth article of the Apostles' Creed—“He descended into Hell.”’ In 1686 followed a collected edition in Latin, edited by Johannes Texelius (2 vols. fol.). Another Latin edition, in three volumes, was prepared by Johannes Leusden at Utrecht, and some previously unpublished pieces were contributed by Strype. In 1823 John Rogers Pitman issued a complete edition of Lightfoot's works in thirteen volumes. The first volume contains a life and elaborate bibliography, and a piece not previously attributed to Lightfoot (pp. 371 sq.), viz. ‘A Battle with a Wasp's Nest, or a Reply to an angry and railing Pamphlet written by Mr. Joseph Heming, called “Judas Excommunicated, or a Vindication of the Communion of Saints” wherein his Arguments are answered, his abuses whipt and stript, the question whether Judas received the Sacrament debated, and the Affirmative proved by Peter Lightfoot,’ London, 1649, 4to. The last volume of Pitman's edition contains a journal of the Westminster Assembly, while much of Lightfoot's correspondence with Buxtorf and other scholars is printed for the first time from Strype's manuscript collection in Lansdowne MS. 1055.

Lightfoot aided Walton in the arrangement of his Polyglot Bible (1657), for which he revised the whole Samaritan version of the Pentateuch, supplied a geographical commentary on the ordinary maps of Judea, corrected errata in the Hebrew text, and procured subscriptions. Similar assistance was rendered by him to Matthew Poole's ‘Synopsis Criticorum’ (1669, 5 vols. fol.); and he encouraged Castell to persevere with his ‘Heptaglot Lexicon.’ Samuel Clarke submitted to his judgment his translation of the Targum on Chronicles. Lightfoot also contributed a memoir of his friend, Hugh Broughton, to the edition of Broughton's ‘Works’ (1662).

His chorographical essays and his accounts of the Temple appear in Latin in Ugolino's ‘Thesaurus Antiquitatum Sacrarum,’ in vols. v. and ix. respectively (Venice 1746 and 1748). In Gerdes's ‘Miscellanea Duisbergensia’ (1732), vol. i., appears ‘Observatio Lightfootiana de nomine Sethur cujus litteræ faciunt numerum 666 ad Num. xiii. 4 coll. Apoc. xiii. 18.’ Adverse criticisms of Lightfoot figure in G. H. Goetze's ‘Sylloge Observationum Theologicarum J. Lightfoot oppositarum’ (1706), in Rheingerd's ‘Dissertatio Philologica de decem otiosis Synagogæ’ (1686), in C. Vitringa the elder's ‘De decemviris otiosis Synagogæ’ (1687), and in Basnage's ‘De Rebus Sacris et ecclesiasticis Exercitationes Historicocriticæ,’ Utrecht, 1692, 4to.

A fine portrait of Lightfoot, who is described as ‘comely in his person, of full proportion, and of a ruddy complexion,’ is in the hall of St. Catharine's College, Cambridge. He wears a skull-cap and bands. An engraving by R. White forms the frontispiece of the edition of his works dated 1684. A memorial brass was placed in his honour in the church of Great Munden a few years ago by [q. v.], bishop of Durham, and Archdeacon Lightfoot, rector of Uppingham.



LIGHTFOOT, JOHN (1735–1788), naturalist, was born at Newent, Gloucestershire, 9 Dec. 1735. His father, Stephen Lightfoot, was a yeoman, and Lightfoot was