Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 30.djvu/235

  Castle, Eltham, Kent, for Lady James. He was one of the eleven original members of the Architects' Club, founded in 1791. Jupp died at his house in King's Road (now Theobald's Road), Bedford Row, on 17 April 1799.

His brother, the elder (d. 1788), architect, exhibited two designs for gentlemen's seats at the Society of Artists in 1763 and 1764. He rebuilt the London Tavern, Bishopsgate Street Within, after the fire in 1765. In 1780 he designed the new entrance hall and staircase of Carpenters' Hall, London Wall, for which the stucco decorations were executed by Bacon. He resided in Great Ormond Street, and died in 1788. His son, William Jupp the younger (d. 1839), architect, was architect and surveyor to the Skinners', Merchant Taylors', Ironmongers', and Apothecaries' companies, and also to the parishes of Limehouse, Blackwall, and others in the East-end of London. In 1808 he designed the façade of Skinners' Hall on Dowgate Hill. He occasionally exhibited designs at the Royal Academy, and died at Upper Clapton 30 April 1839.

Another son of William Jupp the elder, (1767–1852), solicitor, was elected clerk to the Carpenters' Company in 1798, and died 26 Aug. 1852, the senior member of the corporation of London. His son, (1812–1877), born 1 Jan. 1812, was clerk to the Carpenters' Company, and fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. He was a partner in his father's firm, and was elected joint-clerk to the company with his father in 1843, succeeding to the post on his father's death. He devoted much time and attention to the history of art in England, and made a collection of the catalogues of the Royal Academy, the Society of Artists of Great Britain, and the Free Society of Artists, which he copiously illustrated with drawings, autographs, and portraits. Jupp published descriptive lists of these collections in 1866 and 1871. He also made a remarkable collection of the works of Thomas Bewick [q. v.], which was dispersed by auction at Christie's in February 1878. In 1848 he published an ‘Historical Account of the Worshipful Company of Carpenters of the City of London;’ a second edition, with a supplement, was published in 1887. Jupp also published in the ‘Surrey Archæological Collections’ (iii. 277) an account of ‘Richard Wyatt and his Almshouses’ at Shackleford. He died at Blackheath 30 May 1877, aged 65.

 JURIN, JAMES (1684–1750), physician, son of John Jurin, citizen and dyer of London, was baptised on 15 Dec. 1684, and admitted to Christ's Hospital, London, in April 1692, from St. Leonard's, Shoreditch. In 1702 he proceeded as scholar to Trinity College, Cambridge, graduated B.A. in 1705, and was elected fellow of Trinity in 1706. He was recommended to the governors of Christ's Hospital by Dr. Bentley, master of Trinity, in 1708, as ‘a youth of very great hopes,’ and Bentley arranged that he should travel as tutor to Mordecai Carey, a younger scholar of Christ's Hospital, in 1708–9. In 1709 Jurin proceeded M.A., and was appointed master of Newcastle-on-Tyne grammar school. By Bentley's advice he prepared with an original appendix a new edition of the ‘Geography’ of Bernhard Varenius. During his residence at Newcastle he gave lectures on experimental philosophy, saved 1,000l., and resolved to become a physician. He had entered at Leyden as a medical student in 1709. In 1715 he resigned his mastership, and in 1716 graduated M.D. at Cambridge. He was admitted a candidate of the College of Physicians, London, in 1718, and a fellow in 1719. He was elected F.R.S. in 1717 or 1718, and was secretary of the Royal Society from 1721 till 1727. He edited vols. xxxi–iv. of the ‘Philosophical Transactions.’ He was appointed physician to Guy's Hospital on its opening in 1725, and held the office till 1732. He was for several years one of the censors of the College of Physicians, member of the council in 1748–9, and was elected president on 19 Jan. 1750. He only survived a few weeks, dying in Lincoln's Inn Fields on 29 March 1750, in his sixty-sixth year. He left a considerable legacy to Christ's Hospital. His only son James died in 1782.

Jurin was one of the most learned men of his day. He had imbibed the Newtonian philosophy from Newton himself, and was an ardent supporter of his teaching on motion and of his system of fluxions. He made experiments on the ascent and suspension of water in capillary tubes, and wrote papers on the motion of running water, and on the measure of the force of bodies in motion. His essay ‘On Distinct and Indistinct Vision,’ appended to Dr. Robert Smith's ‘Optics,’ 1738, was the subject of a warm controversy with Benjamin Robins, F.R.S., and P. Kennedy. His papers on the motion of running water were criticised by P. A. Michellotti, whom Jurin answered. In 1724 he proposed a plan for systematic meteorological observations at different places. His experiments on the specific gravity of human blood, and still more his papers on the power of